Alcohol Effects on Cognitive & Affective Mediation of Women's Decision Making

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议项目是RO1AA014512的竞争性更新，并将继续进行有关酒精的研究计划？对女性的影响？S风险相关决策。最初的项目应用认知中介模型来理解酒精？与其他环境和背景因素一起，对女性的影响？S风险决策。众所周知，饮酒会增加与风险相关的行为，当一个人喝醉时，决策在认知和情感上都很复杂。了解当下影响女性的过程？醉酒时做出的决定对告知预防工作至关重要。拟议中的项目将研究饮酒、合作伙伴？而女性呢？S风险相关决策。它将借鉴四条理论线：1)认知中介模型（Norris et al., 2004），它检查认知评估在多大程度上调解背景和情境因素对情绪和风险相关决策的影响；2)酒精性近视理论（Taylor & Leonard, 1983），阐述了酒精相关认知障碍对行为的影响；3)评估-破坏模型（Sayette, 1993），它解决了酒精？认知障碍对情绪反应的影响4)酒精期望理论（Goldman, 1999; MacAndrew & Edgerton, 1969），它描述了酒精如何通过文化和个人对酒精的期望影响行为？年代的效果。拟议的研究将包括一个以实验室为基础的酒精管理实验，以建立被操纵的情境因素（包括酒精消费）与认知评估、情绪反应和当下风险相关决策之间的因果关系。它还将采用纵向调查来检验当下的决定如何转化为实际情况。结构方程模型将用于检查背景和情境因素，以及基于情境的认知和情感中介，作为当下决策的预测因子。背景和情景模型将使用纵向数据分析技术进行检验，包括生存分析、潜在过渡分析和增长曲线建模。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project is a competing renewal of RO1AA014512 and will continue a program of research concerned with alcohol?s effects on women?s risk-related decision making. The original project applied a cognitive mediation model to understanding alcohol?s effects, in conjunction with other contextual and background factors, on women?s risk decisions. Alcohol consumption is known to increase risk-related behavior, and decision-making is cognitively and emotionally complex when a person is intoxicated. Understanding in-the-moment processes affecting women?s decisions while intoxicated is critical to informing prevention efforts. The proposed project will examine relationships among alcohol consumption, a partner?s coercion, and women?s risk-related decisions. It will draw on four theoretical lines: 1) the Cognitive Mediation Model (Norris et al., 2004), which examines the extent to which cognitive appraisals mediate the influence of background and situational factors on emotional and risk-related decisions ; 2) Alcohol Myopia Theory (Taylor & Leonard, 1983), which explicates the influence of alcohol-related cognitive impairment on behavior; 3) the Appraisal-Disruption Model (Sayette, 1993), which addresses alcohol?s cognitive impairment effects on emotional responding; and 4) Alcohol Expectancy Theory (Goldman, 1999; MacAndrew & Edgerton, 1969), which describes how alcohol influences behavior through cultural and individual expectations about alcohol?s effects. The proposed research will include a laboratory-based alcohol administration experiment to establish causal connections between manipulated situational factors, including alcohol consumption, and cognitive appraisals, emotional responses, and in-the-moment risk-related decisions. It will also employ a longitudinal survey to examine how in-the-moment decisions translate to actual situations. Structural equation modeling will be used to examine background and situational factors, as well as situationbased cognitive and emotional mediators, as predictors of in-the-moment decisions. Background and situational models will be examined using longitudinal data analytic techniques, including survival analysis, latent transition analysis, and growth curve modeling. Relevance: Alcohol consumption increases the likelihood of risk-related decisions and outcomes. The proposed project will examine this major public health concern by studying the influence of alcohol on women?s decision making in high-risk situations.