Alcohol Effects on Cognitive & Affective Mediation of Women's Decision Making

酒精对认知的影响

• 批准号: 8318912
• 负责人: JEANETTE NORRIS
• 金额: $ 54.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-22 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8318912
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Affective; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior; Characteristics; Coercion; Cognitive; Communities; Complex; Data; Decision Making; Emotional; Emotions; Equation; Experimental Models; Growth; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Judgment; Knowledge; Laboratories; Longitudinal Surveys; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Myopia; Outcome; Participant; Placebos; Prevention; Process; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Research; Risk; Risk-Taking; Role; Safe Sex; Safety; Sampling; Sexual Health; Sexual Partners; Subcategory; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Survival Analysis; Techniques; Time; Translating; Unsafe Sex; Victimization; Woman; alcohol effect; alcohol expectancy; base; behavior influence; condoms; contextual factors; expectation; male; man; men; pressure; programs; psychologic; research study; response; sex; sex risk; sexual coercion; sexual encounter; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The proposed project is a competing renewal of R01AA014512 and will continue a program of research concerned with alcohol's effects on women's sexual decision making. The original project applied a cognitive mediation model to understanding alcohol's effects, in conjunction with other contextual and background factors, on women's risky sexual decisions in the context of consensual sex with a first-time or former male partner. Alcohol consumption puts women at risk for both sexual coercion and unprotected consensual sex, especially in new and casual relationships. Being sexually coerced and having unprotected sex can share characteristics, particularly when a male partner resists using a condom. Men may use a variety of coercive tactics to obtain sex, ranging from verbal and psychological pressure to physical force, and may use similar tactics to obtain unprotected sex. These are cognitively and emotionally complex situations, and the ability to judge them and respond effectively can be especially difficult if a woman is intoxicated. Understanding in-the- moment processes affecting women's decisions while intoxicated is critical to informing prevention efforts. The proposed project will examine relationships among alcohol consumption, a partner's pressure or coercion to obtain unprotected sex, and women's sexual decisions, focusing on new and casual partners. It will draw on four theoretical lines: 1) the Cognitive Mediation Model of Sexual Decision Making (Norris et al., 2004), which examines the extent to which cognitive appraisals mediate the influence of background and situational factors on emotional responses and sexual outcomes; 2) Alcohol Myopia Theory (Taylor & Leonard, 1983), which explicates the influence of alcohol-related cognitive impairment on behavior; 3) the Appraisal-Disruption Model (Sayette, 1993), which addresses alcohol's cognitive impairment effects on emotional responding; and 4) Alcohol Expectancy Theory (Goldman, 1999; MacAndrew & Edgerton, 1969), which describes how alcohol influences behavior through cultural and individual expectations about alcohol's effects. The proposed research will include a laboratory-based alcohol administration experiment to establish causal connections between manipulated situational factors, including alcohol consumption, and cognitive appraisals, emotional responses, and in-the-moment sexual decisions. It will also employ a longitudinal survey to examine how these in-the- moment sexual decisions translate to actual sexual situations. Structural equation modeling will be used to examine background and situational factors, as well as situation-based cognitive and emotional mediators, as predictors of in-the-moment sexual decisions. Background and situational models will be examined using longitudinal data analytic techniques, including survival analysis, latent transition analysis, and growth curve modeling.

项目总结/摘要 拟议的项目是R 01 AA 014512的竞争性更新，并将继续进行研究计划 关注酒精对女性性决策的影响。最初的项目应用了一种认知的 中介模型，以了解酒精的影响，结合其他上下文和背景 因素，对妇女在与第一次或以前的男性发生自愿性行为的情况下作出危险的性决定的影响 搭档饮酒使妇女面临性胁迫和无保护的自愿性行为的风险， 尤其是在新的和随意的关系中。被性胁迫和无保护措施的性行为可以分享 这是一种性特征，特别是当男性伴侣拒绝使用避孕套时。男性可能会使用各种胁迫手段 获取性的手段，从语言和心理压力到身体暴力，并可能使用类似的 获得无保护性行为的策略。这些都是认知和情感上的复杂情况，以及 如果一个女人喝醉了，判断他们并有效地做出反应可能特别困难。理解在- 影响妇女在醉酒时作出决定的瞬间过程对于为预防工作提供信息至关重要。的 一个拟议的项目将研究酒精消费、伴侣的压力或胁迫之间的关系， 获得无保护的性行为，以及妇女的性决定，重点是新的和临时的合作伙伴。它将汲取 四条理论线：1）性决策的认知中介模型（Norris等人，2004年），其中 考察了认知评价在多大程度上介导了背景和情境因素的影响 2）酒精近视理论（Taylor &伦纳德，1983）， 阐述了酒精相关的认知障碍对行为的影响; 3）评价干扰 模型（Sayette，1993年），该模型讨论了酒精对情绪反应的认知损害影响;以及4） 酒精期望理论（高盛，1999年;麦克安德鲁和埃杰顿，1969年），它描述了酒精如何 通过文化和个人对酒精影响的期望来影响行为。拟议研究 将包括一个基于实验室的酒精管理实验，以建立因果关系之间的联系， 操纵情境因素，包括饮酒，认知评价，情绪反应， 和当下的性决定它还将采用纵向调查，以研究这些在- 性决定转化为实际的性行为结构方程模型将用于 检查背景和情境因素，以及基于情境的认知和情感调解人， 即时性决定的预测指标背景和情景模型将使用 纵向数据分析技术，包括生存分析、潜在转移分析和增长曲线 建模