TYPE II SECRETION SYSTEM FROM VIBRIO CHOLERAE AND RELATED PATHOGENS

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This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Gram negative bacteria have evolved a number of protein machineries for the export of small molecules and entire proteins through the cell envelope. The Type II Secretion System (T2SS) enables these bacteria to export folded proteins from the periplasm through the outer membrane. The T2SS consists of 12-15 proteins, which span from the protein conducting pore in the outer membrane via a set of periplasmic proteins to the inner membrane subcomplex and a regulating ATPase in the cytosol. The human pathogen Vibrio cholerae uses such a system for the export of hydrolytic enzymes and cholera toxin (CT), the major causative agent of the devastating disease cholera. A similar system is found in Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) which secretes heat-labile enterotoxin (LT), a close homolog of CT. ETEC is a major cause of childrens diarrhea, dehydration and death in developing countries.