CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CHILDREN

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This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study is a prospective cohort which is sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). 540 children aged 1 to 15 years with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 30 and 75 ml/min|1.73m2 will be enrolled. The study phase designation is not applicable for this trial. The length of participation for individual study subjects in the research study will be 3 years. Annual study visits will consist of a physician examination, collection of blood and urine samples, and questionnaires eliciting information on quality of life, demographics, and medical and family histories. At alternating annual study visits, children further undertake (a) GFR estimated by Iohexol plasma disappearance curves, echocardiogram, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, or (b) neurocognitive screening and additional biological specimens to quantify growth. Primary goals are to determine (1) the risk factors for decline in renal function; (2) the incidence of, and risk factors for, impaired neurocognitive development; (3) the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease; and (4) the long-term effects of growth failure and its treatment. The primary outcome is the rate of decline in GFR; a secondary outcome is time-to-ESRD, defined by transplantation, dialysis, or a 50% decline in GFR.