CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CHILDREN

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 儿童慢性肾脏疾病(CKiD)研究是由美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)赞助的前瞻性队列研究。540名1至15岁、估计肾小球滤过率(GFR)在30至75毫升/分钟|1.73平方米的儿童将被纳入研究。研究阶段的指定不适用于本试验。 个别研究对象参加研究性学习的时间为3年。每年的学习访问将包括医生检查，血液和尿液样本的收集，以及收集生活质量、人口统计、医疗和家族史等信息的问卷调查。在交替的年度研究访问中，儿童进一步进行(A)通过碘海醇血浆消失曲线、超声心动图和24小时动态血压监测估计的GFR，或(B)神经认知筛查和额外的生物样本以量化生长。主要目标是确定(1)肾功能下降的风险因素；(2)神经认知发育受损的发生率和风险因素；(3)心血管疾病风险因素的流行率；(4)生长障碍及其治疗的长期影响。主要结果是肾小球滤过率下降的速度；次要结果是终末期肾病的发生时间，由移植、透析或肾小球滤过率下降50%来定义。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study is a prospective cohort which is sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). 540 children aged 1 to 15 years with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 30 and 75 ml/min|1.73m2 will be enrolled. The study phase designation is not applicable for this trial. The length of participation for individual study subjects in the research study will be 3 years. Annual study visits will consist of a physician examination, collection of blood and urine samples, and questionnaires eliciting information on quality of life, demographics, and medical and family histories. At alternating annual study visits, children further undertake (a) GFR estimated by Iohexol plasma disappearance curves, echocardiogram, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, or (b) neurocognitive screening and additional biological specimens to quantify growth. Primary goals are to determine (1) the risk factors for decline in renal function; (2) the incidence of, and risk factors for, impaired neurocognitive development; (3) the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease; and (4) the long-term effects of growth failure and its treatment. The primary outcome is the rate of decline in GFR; a secondary outcome is time-to-ESRD, defined by transplantation, dialysis, or a 50% decline in GFR.