Translation of a robbery and violence prevention program to high risk businesses

描述(由申请人提供)：循证计划，包括员工培训、现金处理程序、安全管理、室内照明、能见度、出入控制和标牌，表明安全程序在减少零售和服务场所的抢劫和暴力犯罪方面取得了巨大成功。这些计划的实施成本很低，这对许多资金和时间有限的小企业来说很重要。然而，大多数小企业几乎没有实施任何计划建议，而且实施的内容往往是不正确的。我们提出了一项转化性研究，以确定有效和可持续的方法，以向小型零售和服务企业传播基于证据的抢劫和暴力预防计划，并将这些方法转化为有效的计划实施。我们将与拉斯维加斯大都会警察局、皮尔斯县(西澳)警局和圣拉蒙(CA)警察局合作，以实现以下目标：“确定有效方法，帮助有抢劫和暴力犯罪高风险的企业，特别是小企业，以增加计划参与率；确定有效方法，提高对计划建议的遵从性；以及”在计划实施前后衡量抢劫和暴力犯罪率。警察机构将使用三种广泛的方法来传播该计划：(1)警察发起的个人层面的方法(例如，接近每日犯罪记录中确定的企业)，(2)警察发起的社区层面的方法(例如，向社区和专业团体介绍该计划)，以及(3)企业发起的方法(例如，社区合作伙伴促进)。一项前瞻性设计将用于在一年内跟踪警察管辖范围内的企业，以评估计划的遵从性和犯罪的变化。将进行流程评估，以描述符合条件的企业在多大程度上实施招聘战略，向企业提供哪些计划建议，企业实施计划建议的程度，以及警方传播该计划所需的资源。将进行结果评估，以检查该方案在降低抢劫和暴力犯罪率方面的有效性。拟议中的项目是北卡罗来纳大学、爱荷华州大学和国家职业安全与健康研究所的合作，建立在现有试验的基础上，以及导致该项目和材料的设计和评估的长期研究历史。拟议的工作是关键的下一步，导致长期、可持续的努力，在高风险的小企业中实施抢劫和暴力预防计划。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Evidence-based programs that include employee training, cash handling procedures, safe management, interior lighting, visibility, access control, and signage to indicate safety procedures have shown great success in reducing robbery and violent crime in retail and service settings. These programs are inexpensive to implement, which is important for many small businesses with financial and time constraints. However, most small businesses have implemented very few to none of the program recommendations, and what is implemented is often done so incorrectly. We propose a translational study to identify effective and sustainable methods to disseminate an evidence- based robbery and violence prevention program to small retail and service businesses and translate these methods into effective program implementation. We will work with the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department, Pierce County (WA) Sheriff's Department, and San Ramon (CA) Police Department, each of which serve jurisdictions of varying sizes and business demographics, to accomplish the following aims: " Identify effective methods of reaching businesses at high risk of robbery and violent crime, particularly small businesses, to increase program participation; " Identify effective methods of increasing compliance to program recommendations, and; " Measure robbery and violent crime rates pre- and post- program implementation. The police agencies will disseminate the program using three broad approaches: (1) police-initiated, individual- level approaches (e.g., approaching businesses identified on a daily crime log), (2) police-initiated, community- level approaches (e.g., presenting the program to community and professional groups), and (3) business- initiated approaches (e.g., community partner promotions). A prospective design will be used to follow businesses within the police jurisdictions over a one-year period to assess program compliance and changes in crime. A process evaluation will be conducted to describe how well recruitment strategies reached eligible businesses, which program recommendations were delivered to the businesses, the extent to which businesses implemented program recommendations, and the resources needed by the police to disseminate the program. An outcome evaluation will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of the program in reducing rates of robbery and violent crime. The proposed project is a collaboration between the University of North Carolina, University of Iowa, and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, building on an existing pilot, as well as a long history of research that led to the design and evaluation of the program and materials. The proposed work is the critical next step leading to long-term, sustainable efforts to implement robbery and violence prevention programs into high-risk small businesses.