Translation of a robbery and violence prevention program to high risk businesses

描述（由申请人提供）：基于证据的项目，包括员工培训、现金处理程序、安全管理、室内照明、能见度、访问控制和指示安全程序的标志，在减少零售和服务场所的抢劫和暴力犯罪方面取得了巨大成功。这些项目的实施成本不高，这对许多资金和时间有限的小企业来说很重要。然而，大多数小型企业很少或根本没有实施计划建议，而且实施的内容往往是不正确的。我们提出了一项转化研究，以确定有效和可持续的方法，向小型零售和服务企业传播基于证据的抢劫和暴力预防计划，并将这些方法转化为有效的计划实施。我们将与拉斯维加斯大都会警察局、皮尔斯县警察局和圣拉蒙警察局合作，以实现以下目标：“确定有效的方法，帮助面临抢劫和暴力犯罪高风险的企业，特别是小企业，提高项目参与度；”确定有效的方法来提高对项目建议的遵从性；测量计划实施前后的抢劫和暴力犯罪率。警察机构将使用三种广泛的方法来传播该计划：(1)警察发起的，个人层面的方法（例如，接触每日犯罪记录上确定的企业），(2)警察发起的，社区层面的方法（例如，向社区和专业团体展示该计划），以及(3)商业发起的方法（例如，社区合作伙伴推广）。一项前瞻性设计将用于在一年的时间内跟踪警察辖区内的企业，以评估项目的遵守情况和犯罪的变化。将进行过程评估，以描述招聘策略对符合条件的企业的影响程度，向企业提供了哪些计划建议，企业实施计划建议的程度，以及警方传播计划所需的资源。将进行一项结果评估，以检查该计划在降低抢劫和暴力犯罪率方面的有效性。拟议的项目是北卡罗来纳大学、爱荷华大学和国家职业安全与健康研究所之间的合作，以现有的试点项目为基础，以及长期的研究历史，这些研究导致了项目和材料的设计和评估。拟议的工作是关键的下一步，导致长期的，可持续的努力，在高风险的小企业实施抢劫和暴力预防方案。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Evidence-based programs that include employee training, cash handling procedures, safe management, interior lighting, visibility, access control, and signage to indicate safety procedures have shown great success in reducing robbery and violent crime in retail and service settings. These programs are inexpensive to implement, which is important for many small businesses with financial and time constraints. However, most small businesses have implemented very few to none of the program recommendations, and what is implemented is often done so incorrectly. We propose a translational study to identify effective and sustainable methods to disseminate an evidence- based robbery and violence prevention program to small retail and service businesses and translate these methods into effective program implementation. We will work with the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department, Pierce County (WA) Sheriff's Department, and San Ramon (CA) Police Department, each of which serve jurisdictions of varying sizes and business demographics, to accomplish the following aims: " Identify effective methods of reaching businesses at high risk of robbery and violent crime, particularly small businesses, to increase program participation; " Identify effective methods of increasing compliance to program recommendations, and; " Measure robbery and violent crime rates pre- and post- program implementation. The police agencies will disseminate the program using three broad approaches: (1) police-initiated, individual- level approaches (e.g., approaching businesses identified on a daily crime log), (2) police-initiated, community- level approaches (e.g., presenting the program to community and professional groups), and (3) business- initiated approaches (e.g., community partner promotions). A prospective design will be used to follow businesses within the police jurisdictions over a one-year period to assess program compliance and changes in crime. A process evaluation will be conducted to describe how well recruitment strategies reached eligible businesses, which program recommendations were delivered to the businesses, the extent to which businesses implemented program recommendations, and the resources needed by the police to disseminate the program. An outcome evaluation will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of the program in reducing rates of robbery and violent crime. The proposed project is a collaboration between the University of North Carolina, University of Iowa, and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, building on an existing pilot, as well as a long history of research that led to the design and evaluation of the program and materials. The proposed work is the critical next step leading to long-term, sustainable efforts to implement robbery and violence prevention programs into high-risk small businesses.