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Family Obligation and Assistance Among Adolescents with Mexican Backgrounds

墨西哥背景青少年的家庭义务和援助

基本信息

批准号：
8038977
负责人：
ANDREW J FULIGNI
金额：
$ 22.95万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-26 至 2012-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8038977
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adolescent Alcohol or Other Drugs use American Behavior Behavioral Biological Process Brain Buffers Data Decision Making Development Dorsal Evaluation Exhibits Family Family Relationship Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Hormones Hydrocortisone Informal Social Control Interview Lateral Latino Link Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Mexican Neurobiology Neurologic Neurosciences Parents Patient Self-Report Prefrontal Cortex Problem behavior Procedures Process Public Health Recovery Recruitment Activity Relative (related person)Reporting Research Rewards Risk Risk Behaviors Risk-Taking Role Salivary Scanning Shapes Stress Time United States National Institutes of Health Ventral Striatum Work Youth behavioral health behavioral/social science cognitive control diaries experience externalizing behavior interest neural circuit neuroimaging neuromechanism parent project prevent relating to nervous system research study response social

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescence is a time of heightened vulnerability for risk taking behavior and poor decision making that can give rise to substance use and externalizing behavior. Emerging evidence from developmental neuroscience suggests that risk taking behavior increases during adolescence partly due to changes in the brain's neural circuitry. Regions implicated in cognitive control (e.g., the prefrontal cortex), which is involved in self-regulation, develop more slowly relative to regions response to reward (e.g., the ventral striatum), which are involved in reward evaluation and sensitivity. This neural imbalance may hinder appropriate evaluation of risk and bias youth towards risky decisions. Despite these advances, there currently is little understanding of how these neurological developments interact with fundamental social processes during the adolescent period. Families from Mexican and other Latin American backgrounds place particular value on family connection and support, often referred to as familism or family assistance. Yet family assistance can be both rewarding and stressful for adolescents. We believe that family assistance is a basic aspect of family relationships that can shape the neurobiology of risk taking depending upon whether adolescents find it to be either a rewarding or stressful experience, and we address these possibilities with the following two objectives: (1) identify the links between the rewards of family assistance and the neural mechanisms associated with risk taking, and (2) identify the links between the stress of family assistance and the neural mechanisms associated with risk taking. A total of 45 adolescents from Mexican backgrounds who are participating in a larger study of daily family assistance will be recruited to participate in a neuroimaging study. In addition to reporting daily levels of family assistance, reward, and stress across a 14 day period as part of the parent R01, these 45 adolescents will provide salivary cortisol at 4 time points each day for 4 of these days. Adolescents will then be brought to an fMRI lab in which they will engage in risk taking tasks while being scanned by a 3 Tesla Siemens Trio MRI scanner using standard scanning procedures. After appropriate preprocessing of the fMRI data, the associations of family assistance, reward, stress, and cortisol with neural activity will be estimated by focusing on a priori regions of interest implicated with cognitive control and reward. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Taking underlies many behavioral and health problems that contribute to the public health burden during the adolescent period, such as substance use and externalizing behavior. Recent advances in developmental neuroscience have identified key neurobiological underpinnings of adolescent risk taking, but there is little understanding of how the neural mechanisms interact with other social and biological processes in order to create or prevent risk. The primary focus of this competitive revision is to examine how a fundamental aspect of family relationships - family assistance - can shape the neurobiology of risk taking depending upon whether adolescents find such family assistance to be rewarding or stressful.

描述（由申请人提供）：青春期是一个高度脆弱的风险行为和不良决策的时期，可能会导致物质使用和外化行为。来自发育神经科学的新证据表明，冒险行为在青春期增加，部分原因是大脑神经回路的变化。涉及认知控制的区域（例如，前额叶皮层），其参与自我调节，相对于对奖励的反应区域发展得更慢（例如，腹侧纹状体），这涉及奖励评估和敏感性。这种神经失衡可能会阻碍对风险的适当评估，并使青年人倾向于做出危险的决定。尽管取得了这些进展，但目前对这些神经发育如何与青少年时期的基本社会过程相互作用的了解甚少。来自墨西哥和其他拉丁美洲背景的家庭特别重视家庭联系和支持，通常被称为家庭主义或家庭援助。然而，家庭援助对青少年来说既有益又有压力。我们认为，家庭援助是家庭关系的一个基本方面，它可以塑造冒险的神经生物学，这取决于青少年是否认为这是一种有益的或有压力的经历，我们通过以下两个目标来解决这些可能性：（1）确定家庭援助的回报与冒险相关的神经机制之间的联系，以及（2）确定家庭援助的压力与与冒险相关的神经机制之间的联系。共有45名来自墨西哥背景的青少年参加了一项更大的日常家庭援助研究，他们将被招募参加神经影像学研究。除了作为父母R 01的一部分报告14天内每日家庭援助、奖励和压力水平外，这45名青少年还将在其中4天每天的4个时间点提供唾液皮质醇。然后，青少年将被带到功能磁共振成像实验室，在那里他们将从事冒险任务，同时使用标准扫描程序由3特斯拉西门子Trio MRI扫描仪进行扫描。在对fMRI数据进行适当的预处理后，将通过关注与认知控制和奖励有关的先验感兴趣区域来估计家庭援助、奖励、压力和皮质醇与神经活动的关联。公共卫生相关性：服用是许多行为和健康问题的基础，这些问题导致青少年时期的公共卫生负担，如物质使用和外化行为。发展神经科学的最新进展已经确定了青少年冒险的关键神经生物学基础，但对神经机制如何与其他社会和生物过程相互作用以创造或预防风险的了解甚少。本竞争性修订的主要重点是研究家庭关系的一个基本方面--家庭援助--如何塑造冒险的神经生物学，这取决于青少年是否认为这种家庭援助是有益的还是有压力的。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（11）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Neural mechanisms of social influence in adolescence.

DOI：
10.1093/scan/nsv095
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Social cognitive and affective neuroscience
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
B. L. Welborn;Matthew D. Lieberman;Diane Goldenberg;A. Fuligni;A. Galván;Eva H. Telzer
通讯作者：
B. L. Welborn;Matthew D. Lieberman;Diane Goldenberg;A. Fuligni;A. Galván;Eva H. Telzer

Family First? The Costs and Benefits of Family Centrality for Adolescents with High-Conflict Families.

家庭优先？