Johnny Bee Good: Bees as Models to Study the Hijacking of the Reward System

约翰尼·比·古德：以蜜蜂为模型来研究奖励系统的劫持

• 批准号: 8306943
• 负责人: GENE E ROBINSON
• 金额: $ 78.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8306943
• 关键词: Bees; Behavior; Biology; Brain; Coupling; Dangerous Behavior; Disease; Drug Addiction; Food; Foundations; Honey; Insecta; Life; Mediating; Modeling; Molecular; Neurosciences; Obesity; Perception; Plant Roots; Proteomics; Reproduction; Research; Rewards; Sex Behavior; Societies; Stimulus; Substance of Abuse; System; Systems Biology; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; abstracting; addiction; epigenomics; high throughput technology; insight; metabolomics; neurochemistry; novel; pleasure; social; transcriptomics

Abstract The circuits in the brain that mediate our perception of reward, known collectively as the ¿reward system,¿ couple pleasure with the essentials of life: food and reproduction. The reward system also lies at the root of some of the most tragic, harmful, and costly behaviors in our society. These include addiction to substances of abuse, obesity-related behavior, dangerous thrill seeking behavior, and aberrant sexual behavior. Research that I performed on altruistic behavior in honey bees has led me to a new insight about the reward system. Finding that the same neurochemical system that modulates selfish behavior in solitary insects modulates altruistic behavior in the highly social honey bee, I conclude that not only is the reward system vulnerable to ¿hijacking¿- -coupling to stimuli with negative consequences-- over the course of a lifetime as mentioned above, but it also is vulnerable to hijacking in evolutionary time. I propose to use ¿omic technologies (high-throughput sequencing, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) to understand in molecular terms how to ¿flip¿ the reward system, from selfish to altruistic behavior. These analyses will be performed on a carefully selected set of closely related species of bees, some social (with altruistic behavior) and some solitary (without). The insights gained from this novel synthesis of systems biology, neuroscience, and evolutionary biology will transform our understanding of drug addiction and other diseases of the reward system and provide the foundation for new forms of therapeutic intervention.

抽象的 大脑中调节我们对奖励感知的回路，统称为“奖励系统” 将快乐与生活必需品结合起来：食物和繁殖。奖励制度也是根源 我们社会中一些最悲惨、最有害、代价最高昂的行为。这些包括对以下物质的成瘾 虐待、肥胖相关行为、危险的寻求刺激的行为以及异常的性行为。研究发现我 对蜜蜂利他行为的研究让我对奖励系统有了新的认识。寻找 调节独居昆虫自私行为的神经化学系统也调节利他行为 根据高度社会化蜜蜂的行为，我得出的结论是，奖励系统不仅容易受到“劫持”- -与具有负面后果的刺激相结合——如上所述，在一生中，但它也 在进化过程中很容易被劫持。我建议使用 ¿omic 技术（高通量 测序、转录组学、表观基因组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学）以分子术语进行理解 如何“翻转”奖励制度，从自私行为转变为利他行为。这些分析将在 精心挑选的一组密切相关的蜜蜂物种，一些是群居的（具有利他行为），一些是独居的 （没有）。从系统生物学、神经科学和进化论的新颖综合中获得的见解 生物学将改变我们对毒瘾和其他奖励系统疾病的理解，并提供 为新形式的治疗干预奠定了基础。