Multisensory Integration in Action: a Multineuronal and Feedback-Control Approach

行动中的多感觉整合：多神经元和反馈控制方法

• 批准号: 9219134
• 负责人: Aaron Paul Batista
• 金额: $ 33.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-02-01 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9219134
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Adopted; Affect; Animals; Architecture; Area; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebral cortex; Clinical; Collaborations; Computer Simulation; Data; Development; Devices; Environment; Equilibrium; Esthesia; Exhibits; Feedback; Gait; Goals; Hand; Hand functions; Human; Impairment; Knowledge; Macaca mulatta; Modality; Modeling; Monitor; Monkeys; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Nervous System control; Neuraxis; Neurons; Performance; Prosthesis Design; Quality Control; Research; Research Personnel; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Somatosensory Cortex; Study models; Tactile; Task Performances; Technology; Testing; Training; V1 neuron; Visual; Walking; area striata; arm movement; base; behavioral study; brain computer interface; control theory; flexibility; grasp; improved; innovation; microstimulation; motor control; multimodality; multisensory; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; relating to nervous system; response; sensory cortex; sensory feedback; sensory integration; sensory system; somatosensory; visual feedback

Project Summary: Multisensory processing is vital for daily activities such as walking and manipulating objects, yet much remains unknown about the neural mechanisms by which sensory information is integrated in the central nervous system to influence motor control. We address this knowledge gap by analyzing behavioral and multi-neuronal multi-area recordings in the cerebral cortex of Rhesus monkeys trained to perform a prolonged motor control task (the critical stability task (CST)) that cannot be performed without continuous sensory feedback (visual and/or tactile). Rhesus monkeys will perform the CST using hand movements or a brain-computer interface (BCI) to control a cursor, while we manipulate sensory feedback. Neural activity will be recorded from primary visual (V1), somatosensory (S1) and motor cortices (M1). Our motivating hypothesis is that cortical processing is highly flexible, and can be rapidly reconfigured based on the immediate sensory and motor context. Several specific predictions flow from this perspective. First, we predict that primary motor cortex (M1) will exhibit a strong sensory response during a motor task that requires ongoing sensory feedback. Second, we hypothesize that V1 neurons adopt tactile responses, and S1 adopts visual responses, when both are relevant for ongoing motor control. Third, we expect that altering the signal quality of one sensory modality will shift their relative contribution to neural responses, consistent with Bayesian estimation. Animals will perform the CST using BCI control as a more dramatic test of cortical flexibility. During BCI control, sensory responses should be reduced in M1, since the BCI decoder cannot distinguish sensory responses from motor commands, which would diminish the quality of control. If multisensory integration is reduced in M1 under BCI control, then it must occur elsewhere. We hypothesize that there will be an enhanced cross-modal sensory representation in the primary sensory cortices under BCI control, in comparison to hand control. We approach these questions through a collaboration that combines expertise in sensorimotor neurophysiology with expertise in computational modeling of multisensory integration. The findings of this research will improve the understanding of the neural mechanisms of multimodal sensory integration during continuous motor tasks, and will have clinical implications for BCIs and advanced prostheses design.

项目概述：多感官处理对于日常活动至关重要，例如行走和操纵 然而，关于感觉信息被整合的神经机制， 影响运动控制我们通过分析来解决这一知识差距 行为和多神经元多区域记录在恒河猴的大脑皮层训练， 执行一项长期的运动控制任务（临界稳定性任务（CST）），如果没有 连续的感觉反馈（视觉和/或触觉）。恒河猴将用手执行CST 运动或脑机接口（BCI）来控制光标，而我们操纵感官反馈。 将记录初级视觉（V1）、躯体感觉（S1）和运动皮层（M1）的神经活动。我们 激励假设是，皮层处理是高度灵活的，并且可以根据 即时感觉和运动环境。从这个角度出发，有几个具体的预测。首先，我们预测 初级运动皮层（M1）在需要持续进行的运动任务中会表现出强烈的感觉反应， 感觉反馈其次，我们假设V1神经元接受触觉反应，S1神经元接受视觉反应 当两者都与正在进行的运动控制相关时，反应。第三，我们预计，改变信号质量的 一种感觉方式将改变它们对神经反应的相对贡献，与贝叶斯一致。 估计。动物将使用BCI对照进行CST，作为皮质柔韧性的更戏剧性测试。期间 在BCI控制下，M1中的感觉反应应该减少，因为BCI解码器不能区分感觉反应。 运动指令的反应，这将降低控制质量。如果多感官整合是 在BCI控制下，M1中减少，那么它必须发生在其他地方。我们假设会有一个增强的 在BCI控制下，初级感觉皮层中的跨模态感觉表征，与手相比， 控制我们通过结合感觉运动方面的专业知识的合作来解决这些问题 神经生理学与多感觉整合的计算建模的专业知识。这一发现 研究将提高对多模态感觉整合的神经机制的理解， 连续运动任务，并将具有临床意义的BCI和先进的假体设计。