Health Effects and Geochemistry of Arsenic and Manganese

砷和锰的健康影响和地球化学

• 批准号: 7501656
• 负责人: Joseph H Graziano
• 金额: $ 3.22万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7501656
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Adverse effects; Affect; Arsenic; Attention; Bangladesh; Basic Science; Biomedical Research; Carbon; Child; Childhood; Cohort Studies; Complex; Coupled; Education; Environmental Policy; Epidemiologic Studies; Equilibrium; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Government; Government Agencies; Grant; Health; Human; Intelligence; Investigation; Knowledge; Mammalian Cell; Manganese; Metabolism; Mission; Neurological observations; New Hampshire; Oxidative Stress; Postdoctoral Fellow; Public Health; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Soil; Students; Toxic effect; Trace metal; Training; Translations; Universities; Work; anthropogenesis; base; cognitive function; data management; drinking water; genotoxicity; programs; remediation; research study; response; superfund site

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) This proposal is submitted in response to the Request for Applications (RFA)-ES-05-01, entitled "Superfund Basic Research Program". The contamination of groundwater and soils with arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) are associated with major public health, remedial and environmental policy problems. Both Arsenic and manganese are found at numerous Superfund sites. This competitive renewal proposal seeks to obtain new knowledge, train multidisciplinary pre- and post-doctoral students concerning the health effects, geochemistry, and remediation of As and Mn, with a particular focus on groundwater. The proposed work involves substantial work at the single most seriously As-affected Superfund site in Vineland, NJ. It also involves epidemiologic studies of As- and Mn-exposed adults and children residing in Bangladesh and New Hampshire. As in the past, the Columbia University SBRP includes a unique balance between biomedical and non-biomedical research. The proposal includes four biomedical research projects: 1) Genotoxicity and Cell Signaling Pathways of As in Mammalian Cells; 2) Health Effects of an As Cohort Study; 3) Consequences of As and Mn Exposure on Childhood Intelligence; and 4) One-Carbon Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Arsenic Toxicity. The biomedical research is intimately intertwined with three non-biomedical projects: 5) Mobilization of Natural Arsenic in Groundwater; 6) Mobilization of Anthropogenic Arsenic in Groundwater; and 7) Mitigation of Arsenic Mobilization in Groundwater. A Research Translation Core entitled, "Collaborating with government and the public: As & Mn exposure via groundwater" will work with several government agencies to help understand and solve their local groundwater problems. The Projects are supported by four Research Support Cores: 8) Data Management; 9) Trace Metals; 10) Biogeochemistry; and 11) Hydrogeology. Finally, a Training Core coordinates multi-disciplinary education and interaction among pre- and postdoctoral trainees who benefit from participation in the major inter-disciplinary research program.

描述（由申请人提供） 本提案是为了响应申请请求 (RFA)-ES-05-01，题为“超级基金基础研究计划”而提交。 砷 (As) 和锰 (Mn) 对地下水和土壤的污染与重大公共卫生、补救和环境政策问题有关。 许多超级基金地点都发现了砷和锰。 这项竞争性的更新提案旨在获取新知识，培训多学科博士前和博士后学生，涉及健康影响、地球化学以及砷和锰的修复，特别关注地下水。 拟议的工作涉及新泽西州瓦恩兰受影响最严重的超级基金站点的大量工作。 它还涉及对居住在孟加拉国和新罕布什尔州的砷和锰暴露成人和儿童的流行病学研究。 与过去一样，哥伦比亚大学 SBRP 在生物医学和非生物医学研究之间实现了独特的平衡。 该提案包括四个生物医学研究项目：1）As在哺乳动物细胞中的基因毒性和细胞信号通路； 2) As 队列研究的健康影响； 3) 砷和锰暴露对儿童智力的影响； 4) 一碳代谢、氧化应激和砷毒性。 生物医学研究与三个非生物医学项目密切相关：5）地下水中天然砷的动员； 6) 地下水中人为砷的动员； 7) 减少地下水中砷的迁移。 题为“与政府和公众合作：地下水砷和锰暴露”的研究翻译核心将与多个政府机构合作，帮助了解和解决当地地下水问题。 这些项目由四个研究支持核心支持：8) 数据管理； 9) 微量金属； 10）生物地球化学； 11) 水文地质学。 最后，培训核心协调多学科教育以及博士前和博士后学员之间的互动，他们从参与主要跨学科研究项目中受益。