Evaluating Low Ignition Propensity Cigarette Legislation

描述（由申请人提供）：1990年至1999年，美国因卷烟引起的火灾造成10,130人死亡。纽约州（2004年6月28日生效）和加拿大（2005年10月1日生效）最近颁布的法律管制香烟的点火倾向，要求大多数接受测试的香烟在无人看管时自行熄灭。拟议研究的目标是通过一个跨学科研究项目来扩大香烟火灾风险监管的科学基础，该项目将严格评估该政策及其潜在的有意和无意的后果。我们提出了五项相互关联的研究，以调查低着火倾向（LIP）立法对火灾发生率，卷烟设计，吸烟者行为和毒素暴露的影响。目标1将检查纽约州、马萨诸塞州（MA）和安大略省（ON）实施LIP法律前后的火灾发生率，允许在站点内进行前后比较，以及站点之间的同期比较。目标2将调查上述三个地点的1800名吸烟者，以确定他们对香烟的看法，吸烟行为，火灾预防措施，与香烟有关的火灾的经历，以及对LIP法律的信念。目的3将检查纽约州、马萨诸塞州和俄勒冈州各60名吸烟者的吸烟地形和毒素暴露情况，以确定LIP香烟是否会改变吸烟行为或暴露于烟雾毒素（CO， NNAL, PAHs）。目标4将检查由于LIP定律导致的卷烟设计（混合、烟草重量、周长、通风、纸柠檬酸盐、纸孔隙率、杆水分）的变化，以及这些变化是否显著影响着火倾向或热性能。目标5将审查烟草行业文件和LIP卷烟设计专利，目标是制定LIP卷烟文件和专利收集，并审查技术趋势。综上所述，这些研究包括对这一减少危害政策的潜在影响的全面评估，这将为考虑类似法规的其他司法管辖区的决策者提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette-attributable fires caused 10,130 deaths in the United States from 1990 to 1999. Recently-enacted laws in New York State (effective 28 June 2004) and Canada (effective 1 October 2005) regulate the ignition propensity of cigarettes, requiring that the majority of tested cigarettes self-extinguish when left unattended. The goal of the proposed study is to expand the science base on the regulation of cigarette fire risks through a program of transdisciplinary research that would rigorously evaluate the policy and its potential intended and unintended consequences. We propose five interrelated studies to investigate the effects of low ignition propensity (LIP) legislation on fire incidence, cigarette design, smoker behaviors, and toxin exposures. Aim 1 will examine the incidence of fires in NY, Massachusetts (MA), and Ontario (ON) before and after the implementations of LIP laws in NY and ON, allowing for both pre-post comparisons within sites, and contemporaneous comparisons between sites. Aim 2 will survey 1,800 smokers across the three sites above to determine their perceptions of their cigarettes, smoking behaviors, fire precautionary practices, experiences with cigarette-related fires, and beliefs about LIP laws. Aim 3 will examine the smoking topography and toxin exposures of 60 smokers each in NY, MA, and ON to determine if LIP cigarettes alter smoking behavior or exposure to smoke toxins (CO, NNAL, PAHs). Aim 4 will examine changes in cigarette design (blend, tobacco weight, circumference, ventilation, paper citrate, paper porosity, rod moisture) due to the LIP laws, and whether these changes significantly affect ignition propensity or thermal performance. Aim 5 will examine tobacco industry documents and patents on LIP cigarette designs, with the goal of developing a LIP cigarette documents and patents collection and examine trends in technology. Taken together, these studies comprise a comprehensive evaluation of the potential impacts of this harm-reduction policy, which will inform policymakers in other jurisdictions considering similar regulations.