Evaluating Low Ignition Propensity Cigarette Legislation

描述(申请人提供)：1990至1999年间，由香烟引起的火灾在美国造成10,130人死亡。纽约州(2004年6月28日生效)和加拿大(2005年10月1日生效)最近颁布的法律规范了香烟的点火倾向，要求大多数被测试的香烟在无人看管时自行熄灭。这项拟议研究的目标是通过一项跨学科研究计划，严格评估该政策及其潜在的预期和意外后果，扩大香烟火灾风险监管的科学基础。我们提出了五项相关的研究，以调查低点火倾向(LIP)立法对火灾发生率、香烟设计、吸烟者行为和毒素暴露的影响。AIM 1将检查纽约州、马萨诸塞州(MA)和安大略省(ON)实施LIP法律前后的火灾发生率，允许在站点内进行事后比较，以及在站点之间进行同期比较。Aim 2将对上述三个地点的1800名吸烟者进行调查，以确定他们对香烟的看法、吸烟行为、防火措施、与香烟相关的火灾经历以及对唇法的信念。AIM 3将检查纽约州、马萨诸塞州及其他地区60名吸烟者的吸烟地形和毒素暴露情况，以确定唇烟是否会改变吸烟行为或暴露在烟雾毒素(CO、NNAL、PAHs)中。目标4将检查卷烟设计(混合、烟草重量、周长、通风、纸柠檬酸盐、纸孔隙率、棒水分)因唇形法则而发生的变化，以及这些变化是否会显著影响点火倾向或热性能。AIM 5将审查烟草行业关于唇烟设计的文件和专利，目标是开发唇烟文件和专利集合，并审查技术趋势。总而言之，这些研究包括对这一减少危害政策的潜在影响的全面评估，这将为考虑类似法规的其他司法管辖区的政策制定者提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette-attributable fires caused 10,130 deaths in the United States from 1990 to 1999. Recently-enacted laws in New York State (effective 28 June 2004) and Canada (effective 1 October 2005) regulate the ignition propensity of cigarettes, requiring that the majority of tested cigarettes self-extinguish when left unattended. The goal of the proposed study is to expand the science base on the regulation of cigarette fire risks through a program of transdisciplinary research that would rigorously evaluate the policy and its potential intended and unintended consequences. We propose five interrelated studies to investigate the effects of low ignition propensity (LIP) legislation on fire incidence, cigarette design, smoker behaviors, and toxin exposures. Aim 1 will examine the incidence of fires in NY, Massachusetts (MA), and Ontario (ON) before and after the implementations of LIP laws in NY and ON, allowing for both pre-post comparisons within sites, and contemporaneous comparisons between sites. Aim 2 will survey 1,800 smokers across the three sites above to determine their perceptions of their cigarettes, smoking behaviors, fire precautionary practices, experiences with cigarette-related fires, and beliefs about LIP laws. Aim 3 will examine the smoking topography and toxin exposures of 60 smokers each in NY, MA, and ON to determine if LIP cigarettes alter smoking behavior or exposure to smoke toxins (CO, NNAL, PAHs). Aim 4 will examine changes in cigarette design (blend, tobacco weight, circumference, ventilation, paper citrate, paper porosity, rod moisture) due to the LIP laws, and whether these changes significantly affect ignition propensity or thermal performance. Aim 5 will examine tobacco industry documents and patents on LIP cigarette designs, with the goal of developing a LIP cigarette documents and patents collection and examine trends in technology. Taken together, these studies comprise a comprehensive evaluation of the potential impacts of this harm-reduction policy, which will inform policymakers in other jurisdictions considering similar regulations.