Evaluating Low Ignition Propensity Cigarette Legislation

描述（由申请人提供）：从 1990 年到 1999 年，香烟引起的火灾在美国造成了 10,130 人死亡。纽约州（2004 年 6 月 28 日生效）和加拿大（2005 年 10 月 1 日生效）最近颁布的法律规范了香烟的引燃倾向，要求大多数测试的香烟在无人看管时会自动熄灭。拟议研究的目标是通过跨学科研究计划扩大香烟火灾风险监管的科学基础，该计划将严格评估政策及其潜在的预期和非预期后果。我们提出了五项相互关联的研究来调查低点火倾向 (LIP) 立法对火灾发生率、卷烟设计、吸烟者行为和毒素暴露的影响。目标 1 将检查纽约州、马萨诸塞州 (MA) 和安大略省 (ON) 在纽约州和安大略省实施 LIP 法律之前和之后的火灾发生率，允许在站点内进行事前比较，以及站点之间的同期比较。目标 2 将调查上述三个地点的 1,800 名吸烟者，以确定他们对香烟的看法、吸烟行为、防火措施、与香烟相关的火灾的经历以及对 LIP 法律的信念。目标 3 将检查纽约州、马萨诸塞州和安大略省各 60 名吸烟者的吸烟状况和毒素暴露情况，以确定 LIP 卷烟是否会改变吸烟行为或接触烟雾毒素（CO、NNAL、PAH）。目标 4 将检查由于 LIP 定律而引起的卷烟设计（混合、烟草重量、周长、通风、纸柠檬酸盐、纸孔隙率、棒湿度）的变化，以及这些变化是否显着影响着火倾向或热性能。目标 5 将审查烟草业有关 LIP 卷烟设计的文件和专利，目标是开发 LIP 卷烟文件和专利集合并审查技术趋势。总而言之，这些研究包括对这一减少危害政策的潜在影响的全面评估，这将为考虑类似法规的其他司法管辖区的政策制定者提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette-attributable fires caused 10,130 deaths in the United States from 1990 to 1999. Recently-enacted laws in New York State (effective 28 June 2004) and Canada (effective 1 October 2005) regulate the ignition propensity of cigarettes, requiring that the majority of tested cigarettes self-extinguish when left unattended. The goal of the proposed study is to expand the science base on the regulation of cigarette fire risks through a program of transdisciplinary research that would rigorously evaluate the policy and its potential intended and unintended consequences. We propose five interrelated studies to investigate the effects of low ignition propensity (LIP) legislation on fire incidence, cigarette design, smoker behaviors, and toxin exposures. Aim 1 will examine the incidence of fires in NY, Massachusetts (MA), and Ontario (ON) before and after the implementations of LIP laws in NY and ON, allowing for both pre-post comparisons within sites, and contemporaneous comparisons between sites. Aim 2 will survey 1,800 smokers across the three sites above to determine their perceptions of their cigarettes, smoking behaviors, fire precautionary practices, experiences with cigarette-related fires, and beliefs about LIP laws. Aim 3 will examine the smoking topography and toxin exposures of 60 smokers each in NY, MA, and ON to determine if LIP cigarettes alter smoking behavior or exposure to smoke toxins (CO, NNAL, PAHs). Aim 4 will examine changes in cigarette design (blend, tobacco weight, circumference, ventilation, paper citrate, paper porosity, rod moisture) due to the LIP laws, and whether these changes significantly affect ignition propensity or thermal performance. Aim 5 will examine tobacco industry documents and patents on LIP cigarette designs, with the goal of developing a LIP cigarette documents and patents collection and examine trends in technology. Taken together, these studies comprise a comprehensive evaluation of the potential impacts of this harm-reduction policy, which will inform policymakers in other jurisdictions considering similar regulations.