Neuronal based prosthetic control of volitional movement

基于神经元的意志运动假肢控制

• 批准号: 8044854
• 负责人: Ziv Williams
• 金额: $ 25.96万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8044854
• 关键词: Animals; Area; Brain Stem; Cell Nucleus; Cervical spinal cord structure; Communication; Computer Simulation; Computers; Development; Devices; Event; Feedback; Health; Implant; Individual; Injury; Intention; Limb structure; Macaca mulatta; Measures; Modeling; Monkeys; Motor; Movement; Natural regeneration; Neuraxis; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neurostimulation procedures of spinal cord tissue; Patients; Physiologic pulse; Play; Primates; Production; Prosthesis; Retinal; Role; Social Impacts; Spinal; Spinal Cord; Spinal cord injury; Stimulus; Structure of subthalamic nucleus; System; Testing; Training; Visual; Work; awake; base; central nervous system injury; design; disability; insight; limb movement; motor control; motor deficit; novel strategies; reconstitution; repaired; response; sensory feedback; vector; visual feedback

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The inability to communicate underlies one of the most disabling aspects of injury to the central nervous system, and includes the inability to perform rudimentary tasks such as flexing and extending ones' limb or moving a simple cursor on a screen. While the majority of studies thus far have targeted the intrinsic repair or regeneration of damaged areas of the central nervous system such as brainstem or proximal cervical spinal cord, alternative approaches for redirecting information between areas that remain functionally intact is largely unexplored. Work by our group and others has demonstrated that neuronal activity in cortical and subcortical areas responsible for motor control can accurately predict volitional movement intention, and that delivery of event-related electrical stimuli in areas responsible for motor production can reproducibly alter targeted limb movement. In the current study, we aim to extend these findings by systematically matching and altering motor intent with movement production in primates performing a motor directional task. To this end, we will obtain single-neuronal recording from the same subcortical areas shown to predict motor intention and use a similar system design to deliver electrical stimuli to the ventral spinal cord in order to approximate and alter movement production. Changes in neuronal activity will be examined over multiple trials as observed movements predicted by neuronal activity are made to either correspond or mismatch movements produced by spinal cord stimulation. These findings will provide a unique perspective into the individual roles that motor neuronal plasticity and spinal efferent activity play in adaptive motor control, and may offer valuable new insight into the development of prosthetic designs aimed at restoring volitional movement. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Motor deficit is among the most debilitating aspects of subjects suffering injury to the central nervous system. Despite continued efforts to develop treatments for patients with such injury, there remain few and often no options available for reconstituting volitional motor control. The proposed project aims to explore a novel approach for restoring motor communication that is based on a system design developed by our group for use in awake-behaving primates. The significant social impact of such devices has already been demonstrated with the emergence of cochlear, brainstem and retinal prosthetic implants, and may similarly provide significant benefit for patients with motor disability resulting from brainstem and proximal spinal cord injury.

描述（由申请人提供）：无法传达中枢神经系统受伤最残疾的方面之一，包括无法执行基本任务，例如弯曲和扩展肢体或在屏幕上移动简单的光标。尽管到目前为止的大多数研究都针对中枢神经系统（例如脑干或近端宫颈脊髓）的内在修复或再生，但在功能完整的区域之间将信息重定向的替代方法在很大程度上尚未确定。我们小组和其他人的工作表明，负责运动控制的皮质和皮质下区域的神经元活性可以准确预测自愿运动的意图，并且在负责运动生产的区域中，与事件相关的电刺激的交付可以重复改变目标的肢体运动。在当前的研究中，我们旨在通过系统地匹配和改变运动意图的灵长类动物的动作产生来扩展这些发现，从而执行运动方向任务。为此，我们将从相同的皮层下区域获得单个神经元记录，以预测运动意图并使用相似的系统设计向腹侧脊髓传递电刺激，以便近似和改变运动的生产。神经元活性的变化将在多个试验中检查，因为观察到的神经元活性预测的运动被对脊髓刺激产生的相应或不匹配运动。这些发现将为运动神经元可塑性和脊柱传出活动在自适应运动控制中的发挥作用提供独特的视角，并可能为旨在恢复自愿运动的假体设计的发展提供宝贵的新见解。公共卫生相关性：运动不足是遭受中枢神经系统受伤的受试者最令人衰弱的方面之一。尽管继续努力为这种伤害患者开发治疗方法，但仍有很少的，通常没有选择进行自愿运动控制的选择。拟议的项目旨在探索一种恢复电动机通信的新方法，该方法基于我们小组开发的系统设计用于清醒行为的灵长类动物。通过人工耳蜗，脑干和视网膜假体植入物的出现，已经证明了此类设备的重大社会影响，并且可能会为脑干和近端脊髓损伤导致运动残疾患者带来重大利益。