RU: Daily Diary Evaluation of the Health Benefits of a Workplace Intervention

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管近年来“家庭友好”政策在美国工作场所的盛行率急剧上升，但很少有研究使用科学合理的设计。为了解决这一重大差距，NIH和CDC成立了工作、家庭和健康网络（WFHN）。在第一阶段，WFHN设计并进行了多项试点和可行性研究。在第二阶段，WFHN被要求在第一阶段试点研究的基础上实施一项创新的干预措施，旨在增加家庭支持的主管行为和员工对工作的控制，并使用一组随机实验设计来评估干预措施。拟议研究的目的是评估旨在减少工作与家庭冲突的工作场所干预措施的效果，从而改善员工、其家庭和工作场所的健康和福祉。研究干预是建立在多个学科的理论基础上的，并得到了我们的试点/可行性研究结果的支持。我们将通过分组随机现场实验来评估干预的效果，每两个雇主代表不同的行业。在每个行业合作伙伴中，30个工作场所50-120名员工将被随机分配到干预或常规实践条件下。所有员工和主管参与者将在基线和基线后6、12和18个月进行评估，包括调查访谈和基于选定的生物标志物和活动记录仪的心血管风险和睡眠失调的健康评估。员工的配偶/伴侣和/或10-17岁的子女（每个员工一个常驻子女）将被评估，以记录干预对家庭功能的影响。此外，为了阐明干预如何影响员工及其子女的福祉，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究小组将研究500名员工子女二人组的子样本（250名干预组和250名对照组），他们将参加每日日记评估。在基线和12个月时，员工和孩子将连续8天进行电话访谈，并在4个电话日内提供4个单独的唾液样本；这些将作为更客观的健康指标进行应激激素检测。日记设计将重点从工作经验和健康之间的联系模式转移到研究员工对以干预为目标的工作场所政策和实践的日常变化如何与员工日常健康和家庭经历的相应变化以及他们的孩子的变化联系起来。拟议的研究过程评估将记录干预实施的细节和参与者接受的剂量。最后，WFHN将把研究结果转化为商业环境和其他公共媒体渠道。总的来说，这项研究为实施基于证据的家庭友好政策提供了很大的希望，从而改善了全国范围内员工及其家庭的健康和福祉。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although the prevalence of "family-friendly" policies in US workplaces has increased dramatically in recent years, few have been studied using scientifically sound designs. To address this critical gap, NIH and CDC formed the Work, Family, and Health Network (WFHN). During Phase 1, WFHN designed and conducted multiple pilot and feasibility studies. For Phase 2, the WFHN has been called upon to implement an innovative intervention based on Phase I pilot studies that is designed to increase family-supportive supervisor behaviors and employee control over work, and to evaluate the intervention using a group randomized experimental design. The goal of the proposed study is to assess the effects of a workplace intervention designed to reduce work-family conflict, and thereby improve the health and well being of employees, their families, and their workplaces. The study intervention is grounded in theory from multiple disciplines and supported by findings from our pilot/feasibility studies. We will assess the efficacy of the intervention via group-randomized field experiments, one at each of two employers representing different industries. Within each industry partner, 30 worksites of 50-120 employees each will be randomly assigned to intervention or usual practice conditions. All employee and supervisor participants will be assessed at baseline and at 6-, 12-, and 18-months post baseline, including survey interviews and health assessments of cardiovascular risk and sleep dysregulation based on selected biomarkers and actigraphy. Employees' spouse/partners and/or children (one resident child per employee) aged 10-17 years will be assessed to document the impact of the intervention on family functioning. In addition, to illuminate how the intervention affects the well-being of employees and their children, the Penn State team will study a sub-sample of 500 employee-child dyads (250 intervention and 250 control) who will participate in a daily diary assessment. At baseline and 12 months, employee and child will be interviewed by telephone on 8 consecutive days and will provide 4 separate saliva samples across the day on 4 call days; these will be assayed for stress hormones as more objective health indicators. A diary design moves the focus from between-person patterns of association linking work experiences and health to studying how day-to-day variations in employees' access to intervention-targeted workplace policies and practices are linked to corresponding variations in employees' daily health and family experiences, and in turn, those of their child. The proposed study's process evaluation will document details of intervention implementation and dose received by participants. Finally, the WFHN will translate findings to business environments and other public media channels. As a whole, this study holds great promise for informing the implementation of evidence-based family-friendly policies, and therefore improving the health and well-being of employees and their families nationwide.