RU: Daily Diary Evaluation of the Health Benefits of a Workplace Intervention

描述(申请人提供)：尽管近几年美国职场中“家庭友好型”政策的盛行显著增加，但很少有人使用科学合理的设计进行研究。为了解决这一关键差距，NIH和CDC成立了工作、家庭和健康网络(WFHN)。在第一阶段，WFHN设计并进行了多项试点和可行性研究。在第二阶段，WFHN被要求在第一阶段试点研究的基础上实施创新的干预措施，旨在增加家庭支持的主管行为和员工对工作的控制，并使用组随机实验设计来评估干预措施。这项拟议研究的目标是评估工作场所干预的效果，旨在减少工作-家庭冲突，从而改善员工、他们的家人和工作场所的健康和福祉。研究干预以多学科的理论为基础，并得到我们的试点/可行性研究结果的支持。我们将通过分组随机现场实验来评估干预的效果，每个实验在代表不同行业的两个雇主身上进行。在每个行业合作伙伴中，每个50-120名员工的30个工作地点将被随机分配到干预或常规实践条件下。所有员工和主管参与者将在基线以及基线后6个月、12个月和18个月进行评估，包括基于选定的生物标记物和动作学对心血管风险和睡眠失调进行调查访谈和健康评估。将对10-17岁雇员的配偶/伴侣和/或子女(每名雇员一名常驻子女)进行评估，以记录干预对家庭功能的影响。此外，为了阐明干预如何影响员工及其子女的福祉，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的团队将研究500名员工-儿童双亲(250名干预和250名对照)的子样本，他们将参与每日的日记评估。在基线和12个月时，员工和孩子将在连续8天接受电话采访，并将在4个电话日提供全天4个单独的唾液样本；这些样本将作为更客观的健康指标进行压力荷尔蒙检测。日记设计将重点从将工作经历与健康联系在一起的人与人之间的联系模式，转移到研究员工获得干预目标工作场所政策和做法的日常变化如何与员工日常健康和家庭体验的相应变化相关联，进而研究员工子女的健康和家庭体验的相应变化。拟议研究的过程评估将记录干预实施的细节和参与者接受的剂量。最后，WFHN将把调查结果翻译到商业环境和其他公共媒体渠道。总体而言，这项研究有望为循证家庭友好政策的实施提供信息，从而改善全国员工及其家人的健康和福祉。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although the prevalence of "family-friendly" policies in US workplaces has increased dramatically in recent years, few have been studied using scientifically sound designs. To address this critical gap, NIH and CDC formed the Work, Family, and Health Network (WFHN). During Phase 1, WFHN designed and conducted multiple pilot and feasibility studies. For Phase 2, the WFHN has been called upon to implement an innovative intervention based on Phase I pilot studies that is designed to increase family-supportive supervisor behaviors and employee control over work, and to evaluate the intervention using a group randomized experimental design. The goal of the proposed study is to assess the effects of a workplace intervention designed to reduce work-family conflict, and thereby improve the health and well being of employees, their families, and their workplaces. The study intervention is grounded in theory from multiple disciplines and supported by findings from our pilot/feasibility studies. We will assess the efficacy of the intervention via group-randomized field experiments, one at each of two employers representing different industries. Within each industry partner, 30 worksites of 50-120 employees each will be randomly assigned to intervention or usual practice conditions. All employee and supervisor participants will be assessed at baseline and at 6-, 12-, and 18-months post baseline, including survey interviews and health assessments of cardiovascular risk and sleep dysregulation based on selected biomarkers and actigraphy. Employees' spouse/partners and/or children (one resident child per employee) aged 10-17 years will be assessed to document the impact of the intervention on family functioning. In addition, to illuminate how the intervention affects the well-being of employees and their children, the Penn State team will study a sub-sample of 500 employee-child dyads (250 intervention and 250 control) who will participate in a daily diary assessment. At baseline and 12 months, employee and child will be interviewed by telephone on 8 consecutive days and will provide 4 separate saliva samples across the day on 4 call days; these will be assayed for stress hormones as more objective health indicators. A diary design moves the focus from between-person patterns of association linking work experiences and health to studying how day-to-day variations in employees' access to intervention-targeted workplace policies and practices are linked to corresponding variations in employees' daily health and family experiences, and in turn, those of their child. The proposed study's process evaluation will document details of intervention implementation and dose received by participants. Finally, the WFHN will translate findings to business environments and other public media channels. As a whole, this study holds great promise for informing the implementation of evidence-based family-friendly policies, and therefore improving the health and well-being of employees and their families nationwide.