The role of religiosity, socioeconomic status and the relationship between behavioral economic variables as mediators of negative alcohol-related consequences in African American emerging adults

项目摘要/摘要 酒精滥用仍然是新兴成年人(18-25岁)的一个主要公共卫生问题。过度饮酒是 是这一年龄段发病率和死亡率的最大来源，也预示着随后的酒精问题 在整个生命周期内。大量的横断面研究发现， 酒精滥用和行为经济学的指数。具体地说，两个新的行为经济学领域- 酒精需求和与酒精相关的比例强化-一直与 横断面和实验室研究中初露头角的成年人的酒精滥用。这些激励措施可能 澄清酒精滥用的发展，但到目前为止还没有进行纵向研究。这个 拟议的研究将使用纵向风险设计来系统地研究这些因素之间的关系。 新兴成年人酒精滥用的测量和变化。具体地说，这项研究将利用这些小说 用于预测22岁至25岁饮酒变化的风险指标，这段时期是许多人饮酒的成熟期 酒精滥用，但其他人表现出持续高水平的问题饮酒。为了解决这个问题， 这项研究将在22至25年间每三个月对530名有风险的饮酒者(50%男性/50%女性)进行评估，使用- 基于个人和互联网的评估。这项研究有两个主要目的。第一个主要目标是预测 使用新的行为经济学指标的新兴成年人酒精滥用的变化-个人，在 相互结合，并在既定风险因素的背景下。第二个主要目标是 检查调解和调节关系。中介分析将测试行为是否 随着时间的推移，经济变量会因果地调节酒精滥用的发展，或者，或者， 他们的影响是通过既定的机制进行调节的。主持人分析将系统地检查 基于大学身份(即大学和非大学)和其他物质使用情况的差异。这项研究还包括 第二个目的是为未来的干预研究提供信息。这种探索性的目的是找出最突出的 变化期和同时存在的增加或降低酒精价值的心理社会因素。 总而言之，这项研究将利用行为经济学的最新进展，为以下方面做出重大贡献 对成年过程中酒精滥用的理解。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol misuse remains a major public health problem in emerging adults (age 18-25). Excessive drinking is the largest source of morbidity and mortality in this age group and also predicts subsequent alcohol problems across the lifespan. A large number of cross-sectional studies have found significant associations between alcohol misuse and indices from behavioral economics. Specifically, two novel behavioral economic domains - alcohol demand and proportionate alcohol-related reinforcement - have been consistently associated with alcohol misuse in emerging adults in cross-sectional and laboratory studies. These motivational measures may clarify the development of alcohol misuse, but no longitudinal studies have been conducted to date. The proposed study will use a longitudinal risk design to systematically investigate the relationship between these measures and changes in alcohol misuse in emerging adults. Specifically, the study will leverage these novel risk indicators to predict changes in drinking from age 22 to 25, a time period when many individuals `mature out' of alcohol misuse but others exhibit persistently high levels of problem drinking. To address this question, the study will assess 530 at-risk drinkers (50% male/50% female) every three months from 22 to 25 using in- person and Internet-based assessments. The study has two primary aims. The first primary aim is to predict changes in alcohol misuse in emerging adults using the novel behavioral economic measures - individually, in combination with one another, and in the context of established risk factors. The second primary aim is to examine mediating and moderating relationships. Mediational analyses will test whether the behavioral economic variables causally mediate the development of alcohol misuse over time or, alternatively, whether their influence is mediated by the established mechanisms. Moderator analyses will systematically examine differences based on college status (i.e., college vs. non-college) and other substance use. The study also has a secondary aim to inform future intervention studies. This exploratory aim is to identify the most salient periods of change and the concurrent psychosocial factors that increase or decrease the value of alcohol. Collectively, the study will leverage recent advances in behavioral economics to make major contributions to understanding of alcohol misuse over the transition to adulthood.