The role of religiosity, socioeconomic status and the relationship between behavioral economic variables as mediators of negative alcohol-related consequences in African American emerging adults

宗教信仰、社会经济地位以及行为经济变量之间的关系作为非洲裔美国新兴成年人与酒精相关的负面后果的中介因素

• 批准号: 10026535
• 负责人: JAMES MACKILLOP
• 金额: $ 5.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-02-15 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10026535
• 关键词: Address; Adult; African American; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Automobile Driving; Behavioral; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Development; Economics; Education; Epidemiology; Exhibits; Female; Foundations; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Impulsivity; Incentives; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Marriage; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Price; Psychological reinforcement; Psychology; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Treatment outcome; Unemployment; United States; age group; alcohol and other drug; alcohol demand; alcohol measurement; alcohol misuse; alcohol reinforcement; alcohol related consequences; alcohol sensitivity; base; behavioral economics; brief intervention; college; craving; critical period; design; drinking; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; indexing; longitudinal design; male; mortality; novel; peer; psychologic; psychosocial; reinforcer; response

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol misuse remains a major public health problem in emerging adults (age 18-25). Excessive drinking is the largest source of morbidity and mortality in this age group and also predicts subsequent alcohol problems across the lifespan. A large number of cross-sectional studies have found significant associations between alcohol misuse and indices from behavioral economics. Specifically, two novel behavioral economic domains - alcohol demand and proportionate alcohol-related reinforcement - have been consistently associated with alcohol misuse in emerging adults in cross-sectional and laboratory studies. These motivational measures may clarify the development of alcohol misuse, but no longitudinal studies have been conducted to date. The proposed study will use a longitudinal risk design to systematically investigate the relationship between these measures and changes in alcohol misuse in emerging adults. Specifically, the study will leverage these novel risk indicators to predict changes in drinking from age 22 to 25, a time period when many individuals `mature out' of alcohol misuse but others exhibit persistently high levels of problem drinking. To address this question, the study will assess 530 at-risk drinkers (50% male/50% female) every three months from 22 to 25 using in- person and Internet-based assessments. The study has two primary aims. The first primary aim is to predict changes in alcohol misuse in emerging adults using the novel behavioral economic measures - individually, in combination with one another, and in the context of established risk factors. The second primary aim is to examine mediating and moderating relationships. Mediational analyses will test whether the behavioral economic variables causally mediate the development of alcohol misuse over time or, alternatively, whether their influence is mediated by the established mechanisms. Moderator analyses will systematically examine differences based on college status (i.e., college vs. non-college) and other substance use. The study also has a secondary aim to inform future intervention studies. This exploratory aim is to identify the most salient periods of change and the concurrent psychosocial factors that increase or decrease the value of alcohol. Collectively, the study will leverage recent advances in behavioral economics to make major contributions to understanding of alcohol misuse over the transition to adulthood.

项目摘要/摘要 酒精滥用仍然是新兴成年人（18-25岁）的一个主要公共卫生问题。过量饮酒 这是该年龄组发病率和死亡率的最大来源，也预示着随后的酒精问题 在整个生命周期中。大量的横断面研究发现， 酒精滥用和行为经济学的指标。具体来说，两个新的行为经济学领域- 酒精需求和酒精相关的比例强化-一直与 在横断面和实验室研究中，酒精滥用在新兴成年人中的作用。这些激励措施可能 这一研究旨在澄清酒精滥用的发展，但迄今为止尚未进行纵向研究。的 拟议的研究将使用纵向风险设计，系统地调查这些之间的关系， 新成人滥用酒精的措施和变化。具体来说，这项研究将利用这些新的 风险指标，以预测从22岁到25岁的饮酒变化，这一时期许多人“成熟”， 但其他人则表现出持续的高水平饮酒问题。为了解决这个问题， 这项研究将评估530名高危饮酒者（50%男性/50%女性），从22日到25日每三个月进行一次， 基于个人和互联网的评估。这项研究有两个主要目的。第一个主要目标是预测 使用新的行为经济学措施的新兴成年人中酒精滥用的变化-单独， 相互结合，并在既定的风险因素的背景下。第二个主要目标是 检查中介和调节关系。中介分析将测试行为是否 随着时间的推移，经济变量因果地介导了酒精滥用的发展，或者， 他们的影响力是通过既定的机制来调节的。主持人分析将系统地检查 基于大学状态的差异（即，大学与非大学）和其他物质使用。该研究还 第二个目的是为未来的干预研究提供信息。这一探索性的目标是确定最突出的 变化的时期和同时发生的增加或减少酒精价值的心理社会因素。 总的来说，这项研究将利用行为经济学的最新进展， 对成年期滥用酒精的理解。