Neural sensitivity to social feedback following adversity: Implications for adolescent mental health

逆境后对社会反馈的神经敏感性：对青少年心理健康的影响

• 批准号: 10750597
• 负责人: Megan Davis
• 金额: $ 6.97万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10750597
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Affect; Affective; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Brain; Calibration; Caregivers; Childhood; Cues; Data; Data Collection; Development; Emotional; Emotions; Enrollment; Environment; Evaluation; Exposure to; Feedback; Fostering; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Health; Interview; Knowledge; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; Neural Network Simulation; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Psychopathology; Questionnaires; Reporting; Research; Research Support; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Science; Shapes; Social Environment; Social Processes; Statistical Data Interpretation; Strategic Planning; Stress; System; Taxes; Time; Training; Visit; Well in self; Work; Youth; adverse outcome; aged; career development; child depression; community violence; depressive symptoms; early childhood; early life adversity; experience; improved; longitudinal analysis; neglect; neural; neuroimaging; novel; peer; peer networks; prevent; protective factors; psychologic; psychological distress; psychosocial; response; social; social engagement; supportive environment; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Exposure to early childhood adversity is associated with a range of negative health outcomes including increased risk of psychopathology across the lifespan. In particular, those who are exposed to environmental threat (e.g., abuse from caregivers, community violence) are at elevated risk for mental health disorders, particularly depression, that become more prevalent as youth transition to adolescence. Theory and research have tried to account for the variability in outcomes of youth exposed to adversity by identifying mechanisms linking early threat exposure to later functioning. Prominent contemporary models of adversity suggest that exposure to threatening early environments sensitizes neural and psychological systems involved in emotion processing and stress responsivity in ways that promote adaptation while also increasing risk for later emotional hyper-reactivity and psychopathology. However, the majority of research to date has focused on links between sensitivity to emotional cues and risk for psychopathology, neglecting the ways that sensitivity to the environment – particularly the social environment, which becomes more salient during adolescence – may support adaptation among threat-exposed adolescents. Further, research to date has examined concurrent associations between neural activation and psychopathology, neglecting the role of integration across brain networks and associations with trajectories of development over time. The proposed research will provide training in adversity research, neural network modeling, and longitudinal statistical analysis while examining the effect of early threat exposure on neural sensitivity to social-emotional information and subsequent psychosocial outcomes in adolescents. Two main aims guide this research: (1) exploring whether childhood threat exposure predicts heightened neural and behavioral sensitivity to negative and positive social cues; and (2) exploring how this heightened sensitivity interacts with peer experiences to predict changes in depression and social-emotional wellbeing over time. These aims will be addressed in a large longitudinal study of adolescents (expected n = 275) who will complete self-report measures and a social feedback functional magnetic resonance imaging task. Resources that will support this research include access to this rich sample, facilities for neuroimaging and behavioral assessment, and a mentorship team with expertise in adversity science and developmental neuroscience. Findings from this project will enrich theory regarding how youth develop following threat exposure and identify strengths that can be leveraged to prevent psychopathology and support wellbeing among adversity-exposed adolescents.

项目摘要/摘要 接触幼儿广告与一系列负面健康结果有关 整个生命周期的心理病理学风险增加。特别是那些接触环境的人 威胁（例如，护理人员的虐待，社区暴力）的心理健康障碍风险较高， 尤其是抑郁症，随着青年向青少年过渡而变得更加普遍。理论与研究 试图通过识别机制来解释暴露于广告的青年结果的变化 将早期威胁暴露与后期功能联系起来。著名的当代广告模型表明 暴露于威胁的早期环境感受到情感的神经和心理系统 以促进适应的方式处理和压力响应性，同时增加了以后的风险 情绪高反应性和心理病理学。但是，迄今为止的大多数研究都集中在 对情感线索的敏感性与精神病理学风险之间的联系，忽略了敏感性的方式 环境，尤其是在青少年期间变得更加突出的社会环境 - 可能 支持暴露于威胁的青少年之间的适应。此外，迄今为止的研究还检查了并发 神经激活与心理病理学之间的关联，忽略了整个大脑整合的作用 随着时间的推移，网络和与发展轨迹的关联。拟议的研究将提供 在检查广告研究，神经网络建模和纵向统计分析方面的培训 早期威胁暴露对神经敏感性对社会情感信息的影响以及随后的 青少年的社会心理结局。两个主要目的指导这项研究：（1）探索童年是否是否 威胁暴露的预测增强了对负面和积极社会暗示的神经和行为敏感性；和 （2）探索这种增强的敏感性如何与同伴体验相互作用以预测抑郁症的变化 随着时间的流逝，社会情感福祉。这些目标将在一项大型纵向研究中解决 青少年（预期n = 275）将完成自我报告措施和社会反馈功能 磁共振成像任务。支持这项研究的资源包括访问此丰富样本， 神经影像和行为评估的设施，以及具有广告专业知识的心态团队 科学与发展神经科学。该项目的发现将丰富有关青年如何的理论 发展以下威胁暴露并确定可以利用的优势，以防止心理病理学和 支持广告暴露的青少年之间的健康。