Human sweat taste and contact-guided behavior in Aedes aegypti

埃及伊蚊的人类汗液味道和接触引导行为

• 批准号: 10625444
• 负责人: Anupama Arun Dahanukar
• 金额: $ 19.44万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-20 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10625444
• 关键词: Acids; Aedes; Affect; Alleles; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Attention; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Assay; Biological Assay; Bite; Blood; CRISPR/Cas technology; Chemicals; Chikungunya virus; Cluster Analysis; Cues; Culicidae; Data; Dengue; Dengue Virus; Detection; Development; Distal; Esthesia; Evaluation; Feeding behaviors; Female; Foundations; Future; Goals; Hair; Health; Human; Human Activities; Image; Individual; Investigation; Knock-out; Maps; Mediating; Modeling; Molecular; Mosquito Control; Mosquito-borne infectious disease; Mutate; Mutation; Neurons; Organ; Paper; Partner in relationship; Pathway interactions; Peripheral; Persons; Phase; Pilot Projects; Process; Residencies; Role; Salts; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Skin; Smell Perception; Sodium Chloride; Solvents; Stimulus; Sucrose; Surface; Taste Buds; Taste Perception; Testing; United States; Virus; Water; Work; ZIKA; Zika Virus; behavioral response; chikungunya; disease transmission; disorder control; extracellular; feeding; functional group; genome editing; human disease; improved; insight; male; mutant; neurophysiology; novel; novel strategies; population based; receptor; response; success; sugar; surveillance strategy; taste system; tool; transcriptome; transmission process; vector; vector mosquito

PROJECT SUMMARY Mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting disease to hundreds of millions of people each year. Behavior- modification strategies have been major tools in surveillance and control efforts. A lot of attention has been devoted to elucidating and manipulating detection of thermosensory and olfactory cues that drive host-seeking behavior. However, a critical gap exists in our understanding of contact chemosensation in mosquito-host interactions, despite the fact that biting and blood feeding behaviors are crucial factors in driving disease transmission. After a mosquito has found a host, she lands on and examines the skin surface, and probes it with her stylets before initiating a blood meal. It is well known that the human skin surface is replete with chemicals, including those found in sweat. An understanding of whether human sweat cues can be sensed by the mosquito taste system, and if so, whether these cues activate behaviors that precede initiation of blood meals, would provide a valuable entry point for developing new behavior-modifying tools for surveillance and control. Our model of choice is Ae. aegypti, a vector of Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika viruses, which is responsible for an enormous worldwide burden on human health, and is now also established in some regions of the United States. We propose to explore the hypothesis that soluble compounds present on human skin are sensed by the mosquito taste system and activate close-range behaviors that precede blood feeding. We focus on human sweat components, which include free amino acids in addition to salts, acids and ammonia derivatives. The premise behind our hypothesis is supported by our pilot data, in which we find that an artificial sweat mixture as well as certain individual amino acids and salt can activate taste neurons in female mosquitoes. Further, mixtures presented on a filter paper target can stimulate interaction and probing attempts in mated females. The specific goals of our proposal will be accomplished via two aims. In AIM 1, we will create a map of taste responsivity of human sweat components and mixtures in the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. We will determine if these stimuli promote residency or pre-feeding behaviors such as labellating and probing using independent population-based and single-female behavior assays. In AIM 2, we will evaluate whether cellular and behavioral responses to human sweat tastants are altered by knocking out selected taste receptors/co- receptors using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. The results of the proposed studies will provide important molecular and neurophysiological insights into mosquito taste-guided behaviors elicited by compounds found in human sweat.

项目摘要 蚊子每年负责将疾病传播到数亿人。行为- 修改策略一直是监视和控制工作的主要工具。很多关注 致力于阐明和操纵驱动寻求宿主的热感应和嗅觉提示的检测 行为。但是，我们对蚊子宿主中接触化学一致化的理解存在临界差距 相互作用，尽管咬人和喂食行为是驱动疾病的关键因素 传播。蚊子找到宿主后，她登上并检查皮肤表面，然后探查它 拿着血液在发出血餐之前。众所周知，人的皮肤表面充满了 化学物质，包括在汗水中发现的化学物质。了解是否可以感觉到人类汗水提示 蚊子品味系统，如果是这样，这些提示是否激活了血液开始之前的行为 用餐，将为开发新的行为改造工具提供一个宝贵的切入点，以进行监视和 控制。我们选择的模型是AE。埃及，登革热，基孔肯亚和寨卡病毒的矢量， 负责全球对人类健康的巨大负担，现在也在某些地区建立 美国。 我们建议探讨以下假设，即人皮肤上存在的可溶性化合物是由 蚊子的味觉系统并激活喂食之前的近距离行为。我们专注于人类 汗液成分，除盐，酸和氨衍生物外，还包括游离氨基酸。这 我们的假设背后的前提得到了我们的试点数据的支持，我们发现人造汗水混合物 以及某些单独的氨基酸和盐可以激活雌性蚊子的味觉神经元。更远， 在滤纸目标上呈现的混合物可以刺激配偶女性的相互作用和探测尝试。 我们提案的具体目标将通过两个目标来实现。在AIM 1中，我们将创建一张品味地图 雌性埃及埃及蚊子中人类汗液成分和混合物的反应性。我们将 确定这些刺激是否促进了居住或预喂养行为，例如标记和探测使用 基于人群的独立和单女性行为分析。在AIM 2中，我们将评估是否 通过淘汰选定的味觉受体/共同的行为反应改变了人类汗液味者 使用CRISPR/CAS9介导的基因组编辑的受体。拟议研究的结果将提供 重要的分子和神经生理学见解对蚊子的味觉引导行为引起的行为 在人汗中发现的化合物。