BRAINSTEM PREPARATION FOR STUDY OF ORAL-MOTOR ACTIVITY

该试验项目的目的是开发一种体外 豚鼠的分离脑干制备物，其中 神经生理学和神经药理学研究可以 在三叉神经反射系统和脑干上进行 负责产生哺乳和/或 咀嚼 具体而言，我们将确定 运动神经元的体外制备 膜特性、突触和药理学机制 控制三叉神经开闭运动神经元兴奋性 在静息状态下，特定的神经元通路 活化或化学刺激。 此外， 这种准备产生协调的节奏模式， 神经元放电，类似咀嚼或吮吸， 将确定兴奋性氨基酸的浴应用。 的 项目分为三个部分。 第一部分将重点放在 记录细胞内形成的三叉神经运动神经元， 休息条件下的一段时间足以表征 运动神经元膜特性以及产生突触 周围反射激活的可能性。 这些数据将用于 作为进一步药理学研究的标准数据。 第二部分 将评估兴奋性氨基酸在介导 三叉神经运动神经元的单突触和多突触激活 在周围反射激活期间。 兴奋的能力 氨基酸拮抗剂拮抗反射传递， 将确定运动神经元。 第三部分将评估 产生协调的节律放电 类似于在咀嚼过程中发生的那些图案， 在特定的中枢电刺激期间进行吸吮 脑干位点或兴奋性氨基的药理学激活 acids. 这项研究的长期目标是了解 中枢神经系统控制正常 在进食等活动中出现的有节奏的下颌运动 还有不正常的无意识的有节奏的下巴 在诸如迟发性运动障碍和 磨牙症。 这些异常颌骨产生的病因 行动不明。 拟议实验的结果将 提供了对神经生理学的见解， 神经药理学机制的基础生产正常 以及人类异常的有节奏的下颌运动。

The purpose of this pilot project is to develop an in vitro isolated brain stem preparation in the guinea pig in which neurophysiological and neuropharmacological studies can be performed on trigeminal reflex systems as well as on brainstem neuronal networks responsible for the generation of suckling and/or mastication. Specifically, we will establish the suitability of the in vitro preparation for the characterization of motoneuron membrane properties, synaptic and pharmacological mechanisms control trigeminal jaw opener and closer motoneuron excitability during either resting conditions, specific neuronal pathway activation or chemical stimulation. Furthermore, the ability of this preparation to produce coordinated rhythmical patterns of neuronal discharge which resemble mastication or suckling during bath application of excitatory amino acids will be determined. The project is divided into three parts. Part I will focus on recording intracellularly form trigeminal motoneurons during resting conditions for periods of time sufficient to characterize motoneuron membrane properties as well as generate synaptic potentials to peripheral reflex activation. This data will serve as normative data for further pharmacological studies. Part II will assess the role of excitatory amino acids in mediating monosynaptic and polysynaptic activation of trigeminal motoneurons during peripheral reflex activation. The ability of excitatory amino acid antagonists to antagonize reflex transmission to motoneurons will be determined. Part III will assess the ability of brainstem circuits to generate coordinated rhythmical discharges which resemble those patterns that occur during mastication of suckling during either central electrical stimulation of specific brainstem loci or pharmacological activation by excitatory amino acids. The long-term goal of this research is to understand both the mechanism underlying the central nervous system control of normal rhythmic jaw movements that occur during activities such as feeding and drinking, as well as the abnormal, involuntary rhythmic jaw movements occurring in disorders such as tardive dyskinesia and bruxism. The etiology of the generation of these abnormal jaw movements is unknown. The results of the proposed experiments will provide insights into the neurophysiological and neuropharmacological mechanisms underlying the production of normal and abnormal rhythmic jaw movements in humans.