BRAINSTEM PREPARATION FOR STUDY OF ORAL-MOTOR ACTIVITY

这个试点项目的目的是开发一种体外培养的 分离的豚鼠脑干制剂 神经生理学和神经药理学研究可以 在三叉神经反射系统和脑干上执行 神经网络负责乳汁和/或乳汁的产生 咀嚼。具体地说，我们将确定 运动神经元的体外表征制备 膜特性、突触和药理机制 控制三叉神经开口器和闭合运动神经元的兴奋性 在任何一种休息条件下，特定的神经元通路 激活或化学刺激。更重要的是， 这种产生协调的节奏模式的准备工作 类似咀嚼或哺乳的神经元放电 兴奋性氨基酸的沐浴应用将被确定。这个 项目分为三个部分。第一部分将重点介绍 细胞内记录三叉神经运动神经元 一段时间的休眠条件足以表征 运动神经元的膜特性以及产生突触 激活外周反射的潜力。这些数据将有助于 作为进一步药理学研究的标准数据。第II部 将评估兴奋性氨基酸在调节 三叉神经运动神经元的单突触和多突触激活 在外周反射激活过程中。兴奋性能力 氨基酸拮抗剂拮抗反射传递到 运动神经元将被确定。第三部分将评估学生的能力 脑干回路产生协调的节律性放电 它们类似于咀嚼时出现的那些图案 在特定的中枢电刺激期间哺乳 脑干基因座或兴奋性氨基的药理激活 酸。 这项研究的长期目标是理解 正常人中枢神经系统控制的机制 在进食等活动中发生的有节奏的下巴运动 喝酒，以及不正常的，不自主的节奏下巴 运动障碍，如迟发性运动障碍和 磨牙症。这些异常颌骨产生的病因 目前还不知道有什么动向。拟议中的实验结果将 提供对神经生理学和 产生正常人的神经药理学机制 以及人类异常有节奏的下巴运动。

The purpose of this pilot project is to develop an in vitro isolated brain stem preparation in the guinea pig in which neurophysiological and neuropharmacological studies can be performed on trigeminal reflex systems as well as on brainstem neuronal networks responsible for the generation of suckling and/or mastication. Specifically, we will establish the suitability of the in vitro preparation for the characterization of motoneuron membrane properties, synaptic and pharmacological mechanisms control trigeminal jaw opener and closer motoneuron excitability during either resting conditions, specific neuronal pathway activation or chemical stimulation. Furthermore, the ability of this preparation to produce coordinated rhythmical patterns of neuronal discharge which resemble mastication or suckling during bath application of excitatory amino acids will be determined. The project is divided into three parts. Part I will focus on recording intracellularly form trigeminal motoneurons during resting conditions for periods of time sufficient to characterize motoneuron membrane properties as well as generate synaptic potentials to peripheral reflex activation. This data will serve as normative data for further pharmacological studies. Part II will assess the role of excitatory amino acids in mediating monosynaptic and polysynaptic activation of trigeminal motoneurons during peripheral reflex activation. The ability of excitatory amino acid antagonists to antagonize reflex transmission to motoneurons will be determined. Part III will assess the ability of brainstem circuits to generate coordinated rhythmical discharges which resemble those patterns that occur during mastication of suckling during either central electrical stimulation of specific brainstem loci or pharmacological activation by excitatory amino acids. The long-term goal of this research is to understand both the mechanism underlying the central nervous system control of normal rhythmic jaw movements that occur during activities such as feeding and drinking, as well as the abnormal, involuntary rhythmic jaw movements occurring in disorders such as tardive dyskinesia and bruxism. The etiology of the generation of these abnormal jaw movements is unknown. The results of the proposed experiments will provide insights into the neurophysiological and neuropharmacological mechanisms underlying the production of normal and abnormal rhythmic jaw movements in humans.