Mobile Mindfulness Based Smoking Cessation

 描述（由申请人提供）：尽管美国在降低吸烟率方面取得了重大进展，但CDC报告称，估计有4380万人吸烟，占所有成年人（18岁或以上）的19.0%（CDC，2012）。在美国，吸烟是可预防死亡的主要原因，每年造成超过440，000例死亡，或每五例死亡中就有一例（CDC，2008）。虽然行为戒烟干预似乎与药物干预一样有效，但行为干预的可用性有限，并且不容易传播。需要创新战略，使行为干预措施更容易获得和传播。在过去的十年中，人们对各种健康状况和慢性疾病的正念疗法越来越感兴趣（Kabat-Zinn，2013）。基于正念的治疗方法已经扩展到戒烟，许多研究已经证明了非常有希望的结果。智能手机技术为开发通过新的交互式媒介向吸烟者提供的新型戒烟治疗提供了新的可能性。移动的健康（mHealth）干预措施的可接受性也非常高，过去几年，在所有社会经济人口统计学中，包括社会经济地位较低的人群中，智能手机的普及率迅速增加（Plaza et al，2013）。此外，mHealth干预措施能够在用户方便的时候向他们提供程序内容，并具有更大的隐私性。移动的基于正念的戒烟计划的开发有可能克服小组教学的基于正念的干预措施的许多局限性，包括计划的可变性，教师风格和研究参与者的日程安排障碍，包括参加每周会议的高时间承诺。我们建议开发“移动的正念戒烟”（MMBSC），这是一种基于正念的戒烟计划，通过吸烟者的智能手机设备（Android/iPhone）提供给吸烟者。该计划将基于正念减压（MBSR）计划（Kabat-Zinn，2013），专为戒烟而量身定制。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although significant progress has been made in reducing smoking prevalence in the US, the CDC reports that an estimated 43.8 million people, or 19.0 percent of all adults (18 years of age or older), smoke cigarettes (CDC, 2012). Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the US, accounting for more than 440,000 deaths, or one of every five deaths, each year (CDC, 2008). Although behavioral smoking cessation interventions appear to be equally as efficacious as pharmacologic interventions, behavioral interventions have limited availability and are not as easily disseminated. Innovative strategies are needed to make behavioral interventions more readily available and more easily disseminated. In the last decade, there has been increasing interest in mindfulness-based therapies across a wide range of health conditions and chronic diseases (Kabat-Zinn, 2013). Mindfulness-based treatment approaches have been extended to smoking cessation and a number of studies have demonstrated very promising outcomes. Smartphone technology offers new possibilities for the development of novel smoking cessation treatments delivered to smokers through a new, interactive medium. Acceptability of mobile health (mHealth) interventions is also very high and the prevalence of Smartphones has been rapidly increasing over the past few years across all socio- economic demographics including lower SES populations (Plaza et al, 2013). Additionally, mHealth interventions are able to deliver program content to users at their convenience and with greater privacy. The development of a mobile mindfulness-based smoking cessation program has the potential to overcome many of the limitations of group-taught mindfulness-based interventions including program variability, instructor style, and scheduling obstacles for study participants including the high time commitment to attend weekly sessions. We propose to develop "Mobile Mindfulness-Based Smoking Cessation" (MMBSC), a mindfulness-based smoking cessation program, delivered to smokers on their Smartphone devices (Android/iPhone). This program will be based on the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program (Kabat-Zinn, 2013) tailored for smoking cessation.