Passive wireless microsensor and transponder systems for emerging applications

包括应答器在内的无源无线微型传感器是一种微型系统，它从被称为询问器的基站发出的无线电波中获取其工作能量。没有笨重的电池不仅大大降低了这些微系统的物理尺寸和实施成本，而且还消除了维护的需要。因此，这些微系统可以永久地嵌入产品中，或者植入活体中，以提供区别于其他产品的唯一标识，或者提供对否则无法达到的产品参数的精确检测。无源无线微传感器的新兴应用包括植入式生物MEMS压力传感器、植入式视网膜假体设备、可吞咽胶囊内窥镜、用于无线动脉血流特征的多点压力传感器、用于产品性能和安全监测的嵌入式微应变传感器、用于人体和环境监测的无线温度传感器。无源无线应答器已被用作物流自动化中物体跟踪的射频识别(RFID)标签，并在零售、仓库库存自动化、电子客票、电子护照等领域取代条形码。无源无线应答器的固有属性，包括小尺寸、无电池操作、可编程性、低成本和无线可访问性，也使其成为低成本、高安全性产品认证密钥的可行选择，以避免全息图、水印、不可见条形码、安全线、化学和DNA标记等传统产品认证手段的困难和高成本。该研究计划的目标是开发低成本、高可靠、高安全性的无源无线微型传感器系统，包括用于医疗保健、产品质量控制、产品认证和假冒、物体跟踪和评估管理、安全、物流和仓库自动化、文件管理等新兴应用的无源无线应答器系统，并以技术转让的形式向加拿大工业利用研究成果。

Passive wireless microsensors including transponders are microsystems that harvest their operation power from radio-frequency waves sent by a base station known as interrogator. The absence of bulky batteries significantly not only reduces the physical dimension and implementation cost of these microsystems, but also removes the need for maintenance. As a result, these microsystems can be embedded in products permanently or implanted in living bodies to either provide a unique identification that distinguishes from others or provide the precision detection of the parameters of products that otherwise cannot be attained. The emerging applications of passive wireless microsensors include implantable bio-MEMS pressure sensors, implantable retinal prosthetic devices, swallowable capsule endoscopy, multisite pressure sensors for wireless arterial flow characterization, embedded micro-strain sensors for product performance and safety monitoring, wireless temperature sensors for human body and environmental monitoring. Passive wireless transponders have been used as radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags for object tracking in logistics automation and replacing bar codes in retailing, warehouse inventory automation, e-tickets, e-passports, to name a few. The intrinsic attributes of passive wireless transponders including small size, battery-less operation, programmability, low-cost, and wireless accessibility also make them a viable choice for low-cost high-security product authentication keys to avoid the difficulties and high cost of conventional product authentication means such as holograms, watermarks, invisible barcodes, security threads, chemical, and DNA markers. The objective of the research program is to develop low-cost high-reliable high-security passive wireless microsensor systems including passive wireless transponder systems for emerging applications in healthcare, product quality control, product authentication and counterfeiting, object tracking and assess management, security, logistics and warehouse automation, file management, etc. and capitalizing research findings in the form of technology transfer to Canadian industry.