Investigating the genetic and physiological bases for cold tolerance in maize

研究玉米耐寒性的遗传和生理基础

• 批准号: 428501-2011
• 负责人: Lukens, Lewis
• 金额: $ 3.94万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=498623
• 关键词: Investigating; genetic; physiological; bases; cold

Growth and survival of agricultural crop plants early in the growing season help lengthen the growing period for crops and reduce early season run-off and weed competition. However, low temperatures inhibit this early growth, especially of crop species such as corn, Zea mays, that have tropical origins. Cold temperature tolerance and certain cold-induced physiological processes genetically vary in corn, but there is little understanding of this variation among elite cultivars adapted to Canada and little knowledge as to the degree to which these genetically variable traits are heritable. Furthermore, important physiological processes may change in response to cold stress, and the degree of these changes also genetically vary. This research will characterize genetic variation for early season cold tolerance and associated traits for a large number of maize genotypes in both controlled environment and field experiments. This research will also characterize the heritability of these traits and identify novel transcriptional responses of maize to cold and genetic variation for these responses. This research will directly contribute to the genetic improvement of maize cold tolerance, to Canadian industrial and university strengths in agricultural genomics, and to our knowledge of inheritance and genetic variation.

农作物在生长季节早期的生长和存活有助于延长作物的生长期，减少早期径流和杂草竞争。然而，低温抑制了这种早期生长，特别是热带起源的作物物种，如玉米。低温耐受性和某些冷诱导的生理过程在玉米中存在遗传差异，但对适应加拿大的优良品种之间的这种差异了解甚少，也不知道这些遗传可变性状在多大程度上是可遗传的。此外，重要的生理过程可能会发生变化，以应对冷应激，这些变化的程度也遗传变化。本研究将在控制环境和田间试验中对大量玉米基因型的早季耐冷性及其相关性状的遗传变异进行表征。这项研究还将表征这些性状的遗传性，并确定玉米对寒冷的新的转录反应和这些反应的遗传变异。这项研究将直接有助于玉米耐冷性的遗传改良，加拿大工业和大学在农业基因组学方面的优势，以及我们对遗传和遗传变异的了解。