High performance GPU cooling fan systems

GPU（图形处理单元）变得越来越小，性能越来越高。这些单元的温度控制是其功能的重要方面。这通常通过使用由电机和PWM芯片驱动的冷却风扇来完成。随着GPU芯片的温度升高，冷却风扇被驱动得更快，并使用空气将温度稳定在目标值附近。当前的冷却风扇温度控制技术导致风扇速度的振荡。这些振荡是不期望的，因为它们导致过度的噪声和过冲。如果目标值较低，温度控制风扇将长时间处于活动状态。另一方面，随着目标值增加并且接近最大安全操作温度，与先前的情况相比，需要控制风扇在更短的时间段内操作。然而，由于目标值被选择为接近最大安全值，因此使用空气的温度控制需要快速、准确和有效，因为GPU温度很容易增加到超过安全温度。需要开发改进的冷却风扇驱动技术，以确保安静运行，同时能够在接近最大安全温度的温度下安全运行。系统的操作条件的表征将根据经验进行。更有效和更紧凑的压电超声电机和双晶片风扇压电技术适合于这个冷却任务将研究和他们的性能特点。

GPUs (Graphics Processing units) are getting smaller and more performing. Temperature control of these units is an essential aspect of their functionality. This is typically done by using a cooling fan driven by a motor and a PWM chip. As the temperature of the GPU chip increases, a cooling fan is driven faster and air is used to stabilize the temperature around a target value. Current cooling fan temperature control technology leads to oscillations in the fan speed. These oscillations are not desirable as they lead to excessive noise and overshoot. If the target value is low, the temperature control fan will be active for long periods of time. On the other hand, as the target value increases and is close to a maximum safe operating temperature, the control fan is needed to operate during shorter periods of time as compared to the previous scenario. However, as the target value is chosen to be close to a maximum safe value, the temperature control using air needs to be fast, accurate and effective as the GPU temperature can easily increase beyond the safe temperature. An improved cooling fan driving technology needs to be developed to ensure quiet operation while enabling safe operation at a temperature close to the maximum safe temperature. Characterization of the operating conditions of the system will be pursued empirically. More efficient and more compact piezoelectric ultrasonic motor and bimorph fan piezoelectric technologies suitable for this cooling task will be investigated and their performance characterized.