Ultrafast laser nanofabrication and its applications

我的研究小组最近的研究表明，纳米级材料，包括纳米粒子网络、纳米纤维、纳米棒和纳米尖端，可以通过兆赫飞秒激光烧蚀产生。用该方法还合成了非混相金属纳米合金和天然纳米陶瓷。纳米粒子网络具有独特的多孔三维（3D）交织纳米线框架结构。初步研究表明，三维结构显著提高了光吸收，提高了生物传感信号水平，并严格促进了细胞附着，这在光伏转换和生物工程中具有潜在的应用前景。目前的提案是在这些新发现的基础上发展起来的，旨在产生新的工具和知识，这些工具和知识将使下一代产品的制造能够在太阳能电池制造和生物医学中找到潜在的应用。研究计划包括工艺开发和新应用的探索。基础研究将探讨兆赫飞秒激光烧蚀在不同环境下所特有的现象。这些包括烧蚀天然材料、贵金属、非混溶金属微粒和生物活性玻璃。从这些研究中获得的知识将用于改进或使可以通过控制形状和尺寸来定制纳米材料特性的工艺成为可能。通过这种方法产生的纳米级材料具有许多潜力。该项目将涉足两个领域：光伏转换和生物医学应用。特别是，该项目将进行以下应用研究：1)用于高效薄膜太阳能电池的纳米合金和纳米颗粒网络，2)用于低成本薄膜太阳能电池的纳米氧化/非晶化，3)用于生物传感器的生物活性元素纳米合金，4)用于再生药物的天然纳米陶瓷，5)用于组织支架的生物活性玻璃纳米纤维，6)用于植入物的贵金属纳米材料，以及7)用于植入物的纳米合金（Ti-Si）。本研究项目将培养5名博士，5名硕士。10名本科生。

Recent investigations by my research group have demonstrated that nanoscale materials, including nanoparticle networks, nanofibers, nanorods and nanotips, can be generated by Mega Hertz femtosecond laser abaltion. Nanoalloys of immiscible metals and natural occurring nanoceramics were also synthesized with this method. The nanoparticle networks have a unique porous three-dimensional (3D) interweaved nanowire-frame structure. Preliminary investigation has shown that the three-dimensionality significantly improves light absorptance, increase signal level for biosensing and rigorously promotes cell attachment, which implies applications in photovoltaic conversion and bioengineering. The current proposal is developed on these new findings and aimed at generating new tools and knowledge that will enable the fabrication of next generation products that find potential applications in solar cell fabrication and biomedicine. The research program involves process development and exploration of new applications. Fundamental study will investigate phenomena that are unique to Mega Hertz femtosecond laser ablation under various enviroment. These include ablation of natural materials, noble metals, microparticles of immiscible metals, and bioactive glass. Knowledge derived from these studies will be used to improve or enable processes that could be used to tailor the properties of nanomaterials through the control of shape and size. The nanoscale materials generated through this means promise many potentials. This program will venture in two areas: photovoltaic conversion and biomedical applications. In particular, this program will pursue these applied research: 1)nanoalloys and nanopartilce networks for high efficiency thin-film solar cell, 2)nanoscale oxidization/amorphization for low-cost thin-film solar cell, 3) nanoalloys of biologically active elements for biosensors, 4) naturally occurring nanoceramics for regenerative medicines, 5) bioactive glass nanofiber for tissue scaffolding and 6) noble nanomaterials for implants, and 7) nanoalloys (Ti-Si) for implants. This research program will train 5 Ph.D, 5 M.A.Sci. and 10 undergraduate students.