3D quantum biosensor for multiple cancer screening and early diagnosis

血浆由于其非侵入性的性质一直被认为是筛查多种癌症类型的理想方法。然而，基于血液的测试由于肿瘤相关分子的低浓度而具有较差的诊断准确性。用于癌症筛查的商业血液检测试剂盒很少，准确性也远不能令人满意。申请人发明了量子点传感器增强的拉曼生物分子分析工具，其足够灵敏以高重复性直接从血浆探测多种生物标志物。通过一次血液检查，可以通过计算机诊断报告癌症的完整概况，包括癌症的存在，肿瘤的原发部位，转移的定量和进展。初步实验已经将癌症类型分类，其敏感性为83% ~100%，特异性为80% ~ 100%，取决于生物标志物的类型。预测癌症进展至淋巴结的特异性为92%。我们相信，通过将多种生物标志物整合到诊断算法中，诊断准确率可以提高到接近100%。本项目旨在将量子点传感器增强型拉曼分析仪发展成为一种可行的癌症筛查/早期诊断临床工具。该项目的成果是一种量子生物传感器辅助显微镜血液检测，易于使用，具有成本效益，适用于多种癌症类型。拟议的血液检测可以在抽血后一小时内报告完整的肿瘤概况。该策略具有准确性高、成本低、周转时间短、操作简单、适用于多种癌症类型等优点，将很容易在临床环境中实施。它可用于筛查/早期诊断以及为临床干预提供指导。这项突破性的技术可能会导致一种适用于一半癌症病例的通用癌症诊断测试，提高癌症筛查参与率，并为目前无法筛查的癌症类型提供筛查方法。

Blood plasma has long been considered an ideal approach for screening multiple cancer types for its noninvasive nature. However, blood-based tests suffer poor diagnostic accuracy due to the low concentration of tumor-associated molecules. There are few commercially available blood-test kits for cancer screening, and the accuracy is far from satisfactory. The applicants invented a quantum-dots sensor enhanced Raman biomolecular analysis tool, sensitive enough to probe multiple biomarkers directly from blood plasma with high repeatability. With a single blood test, a complete profile of cancer, including the presence of cancer, the primary location of the tumor, quantification of metastasis, and progression, can be reported with a computerized diagnosis. Preliminary experiments have classified cancer types with a sensitivity of 83% ~100% and specificity of 80% ~ 100%, dependent on the type of biomarker. Cancer progression to nodes was predicted with a specificity of 92%. We believe that diagnostic accuracy can be raised close to 100% by integrating multiple biomarkers into the diagnosis algorithm. This project aims to develop the quantum-dots sensor enhanced Raman analyzer into a viable clinical tool for cancer screening/early diagnosis. The outcome of this project is a quantum biosensor aided microscopy-based blood test that is easy to use, cost-effective and is applicable towards multiple cancer types.The proposed blood test can report a complete tumor profile within an hour after blood withdrawal. With high accuracy, low cost, short turnaround, easy operation, and applicability to multiple cancer types, this strategy will be readily implemented in the clinical setting. It can be used for screening/early diagnosis as well as to provide guidance for clinical intervention. This ground-breaking technology potentially will lead to a universal cancer diagnosis test that applies to half of all cancer cases, increase cancer screening participation rate, and provide a screening method for cancer types that currently cannot be screened.