Mechanisms of environmental stress on human physiology

环境应激对人体生理的机制

• 批准号: 386057-2011
• 负责人: Koehle, Michael
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572912
• 关键词: Mechanisms; environmental; stress; human; physiology

Humans explore our planet from depths of the oceans to extreme heights under a variety of conditions. Studying the interaction between these environments and the physiology of the human body is the long-term focus of my research program. When humans are exploring these environments, they are seldom at rest. Trekkers at altitude are exercising by definition, as are climbers, divers, swimmers, and outdoor athletes. The response to exercise is complex, involving all the systems of the body, but so often research is only conducted in the resting state as a matter of convenience. My research goals are thus to explore the environment-human interaction, with a special focus on exercise. The first research theme is to study the difference between two methods of simulating altitude: a) lowering the pressure in the environment, and b) lowering the percentage of oxygen in the environment. and the interaction between diving and exercise. Typically scientists think of the two methods almost interchangeably, although there may be important differences between these two techniques and how they affect the human body. The second theme focuses on the long-held belief and recommendation that it is unsafe to exercise after diving. This recommendation has been traditionally taught to all divers, yet it is not based on science. Some recent studies have indicated that exercise may not be dangerous after diving, but much more research needs to be done in this area. Thus, the short-term objectives of this research program are threefold: To investigate the mechanism of the differences between two types of simulated altitude. To assess how the differences between two types of simulated altitude are affected by exercise To investigate how exercise after diving affects heart, lung and blood vessel function

人类在各种条件下从海洋深处到极端高度探索我们的星球。研究这些环境和人体生理之间的相互作用是我研究计划的长期重点。当人类探索这些环境时，他们很少休息。根据定义，高原徒步旅行者是运动，登山者、潜水者、游泳运动员和户外运动员也是如此。对运动的反应是复杂的，涉及到身体的所有系统，但为了方便起见，研究往往只在休息状态下进行。因此，我的研究目标是探索环境与人类的互动，特别是锻炼。 第一个研究主题是研究两种模拟海拔的方法的差异：a)降低环境中的压力，b)降低环境中的氧气百分比。以及跳水和运动之间的相互作用。通常情况下，科学家认为这两种方法几乎可以互换，尽管这两种技术及其对人体的影响可能存在重要差异。第二个主题集中在长期以来的信念和建议，即潜水后锻炼是不安全的。这一建议传统上是向所有潜水员传授的，但它并不是基于科学。最近的一些研究表明，潜水后的运动可能不会有危险，但在这一领域还需要进行更多的研究。 因此，这项研究计划的短期目标有三个方面： 探讨两种模拟海拔高度差异的机制。 评估两种模拟海拔高度之间的差异如何受运动影响 潜水后运动对心、肺、血管功能的影响