Development and analysis of pressure tests to account for spatially and temporally varying wind loads

开发和分析压力测试以考虑空间和时间变化的风荷载

• 批准号: 474549-2014
• 负责人: Kopp, Gregory
• 金额: $ 4.83万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=577983
• 关键词: Development; analysis; pressure; tests; account

Economic and insured losses due to severe wind storms continue to increase, both in Canada and around the world. Field observations following severe storms suggest that a large portion of this is due to failure of building components and cladding, rather than major structural failures. For example, the loss of a single panel can allow significant rainwater entry, causing substantial losses to building contents. To address this, several new full-scale labs have been developed in North America, including the Insurance Research Lab for Better Homes (IRLBH) at the University of Western Ontario (Western). In the current project, Western is partnering with State Farm, the Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction (ICLR) and the Insurance Institute for Business and Home Safety (IBHS) to develop improved industry-standard, product tests, particularly those for vinyl siding and single-layer metal roofing. The project utilizes Western's IRLBH facility, as well as data obtained from the "full-scale" wind tunnel at the IBHS Research Center in South Carolina. Industry standard product tests are simple and relatively inexpensive, usually relying on uniform, steady pressure tests of relatively small specimen. This simplicity is at the expense of the true nature of wind loading, which is both spatially and temporally-varying, and of the boundary conditions for the product, which are simplified compared to real buildings. The applicant has developed a pressure testing approach that is able apply both spatially and temporally varying wind loads to both complete buildings and portions of buildings. The objective of the test program is to analyze and validate the performance of the existing test standards, and to develop modifications which improve the performance of the standard tests. The focus is on two common cladding systems, vinyl siding, used in residential construction, and metal roof decks, used for commercial buildings. Canadians will ultimately benefit from this research by having reduced losses in severe storms. Seven students will be trained during the course of this project.

在加拿大和世界各地，严重风暴造成的经济和保险损失继续增加。强烈风暴后的实地观察表明，这其中很大一部分是由于建筑构件和覆层的故障，而不是主要的结构故障。例如，单个面板的损失可能会导致大量雨水进入，导致建筑物内容的大量损失。为了解决这个问题，北美开发了几个新的全面实验室，包括西安大略大学（西部）的美好家园保险研究实验室（IRLBH）。在目前的项目中，西部正在与State Farm，减少灾难性损失研究所（ICLR）和商业和家庭安全保险研究所（IBHS）合作，开发改进的行业标准，产品测试，特别是乙烯基壁板和单层金属屋顶。该项目利用西方的IRLBH设施，以及从南卡罗来纳州IBHS研究中心的“全尺寸”风洞获得的数据。 工业标准产品测试简单且相对便宜，通常依赖于相对较小样品的均匀，稳定的压力测试。这种简单性是以牺牲风载荷的真实性质为代价的，风载荷在空间和时间上都是变化的，并且牺牲了产品的边界条件，与真实的建筑物相比，这些条件被简化了。申请人已经开发了一种压力测试方法，其能够将空间和时间变化的风载荷施加到完整的建筑物和建筑物的部分。测试计划的目的是分析和验证现有测试标准的性能，并开发改进标准测试性能的修改。重点是两种常见的覆层系统，乙烯基壁板，用于住宅建筑，和金属屋顶甲板，用于商业建筑。加拿大人最终将从这项研究中受益，减少严重风暴的损失。7名学生将在该项目期间接受培训。