Improving mobile crane operational cost for the heavy construction industry

建筑专业人士和研究人员已经着手将建筑行业转变为一个科学和工程流程取代猜测和经验法则的行业，使项目经理能够更好地控制进度和成本。模块化建设的新范式已经出现，并越来越多地被从业者采用，因为它可以提高效率和质量。这种方法包括在受控环境中进行模块的非现场预制，然后在建筑工地进行组装。模块化结构的未来与高容量起重机的工程操作能力密切相关。由于起重机在模块化建筑项目的组装中发挥着核心作用，因此对这种特殊设备的详细规划对这些项目的成功至关重要。项目经理不仅要有必要的工具和信息来规划电梯，以适应不断变化的现场拓扑结构，而且他们必须有能够有效适应项目范围和/或模块交付时间表变化的程序。本研究旨在通过以下目标提高重工业建筑和模块化项目现场装配起重机操作的生产率和安全性：(1)开发基于bim的起重机操作设计4D决策支持系统；(2)开发自动化3D模型生成器；(3)基于运动规划的电梯调度工具设计；(4)地面承压分析；(5)提高土壤承载力。本研究将为学术知识和行业实践带来以下贡献：降低起重机故障风险；提高起重机运行的安全性；提高调度准确性；提高了起重机作业效率。该研究还将为加拿大带来以下经济、社会和环境效益：(1)通过减少停工或设备故障的可能性，显著节省建设成本，并有助于优化起重机利用率，从而提高加拿大油砂作业的竞争力；(2)提高了起重机作业的安全性；(3)通过提高效率来减少排放。

Construction professionals and researchers have set out to transform the construction industry into one in which guesswork and rules of thumb are replaced with scientific and engineering processes that allow project managers better control of schedule and cost. The new paradigm of modular construction has emerged and is increasingly adopted by practitioners, since it leads to improved efficiency and quality. This approach involves the off-site prefabrication of modules in a controlled environment followed by assembly on construction sites. The future of modular construction is closely tied to the ability to engineer operations for high-capacity cranes. Because of the central role that cranes play in the assembly of modular construction projects, minute planning of this particular equipment is crucial to the success of these projects. Not only must project managers have the necessary tools and information to plan lifts in a manner which accounts for changing site topology, but they must have procedures able to adapt efficiently to changes in project scope and/or to the delivery schedule of the modules. The proposed research seeks to improve the productivity and safety of crane operations for heavy industrial construction and onsite assembly of modular projects through the following objectives: (1) development of a BIM-based 4D decision support system for designing crane operation; (2) development of an automated 3D model builder; (3) design of a lift scheduling tool based on motion planning; (4) ground bearing pressure analysis; and (5) improvement of soil bearing capacity. This research will deliver the following contributions to academic knowledge and industry practice: reduced risk of crane failure; improved safety of crane operation; increased scheduling accuracy; and enhanced efficiency of crane operations. This research will also deliver the following economic, social, and environmental benefits to Canada: (1) significant cost savings for construction by reducing the likelihood of work stoppage or equipment failure, and by contributing to the optimization of crane utilization, thereby increasing the competitiveness of Canadian oil sands operations; (2) improved safety of crane operations; and (3) reduced emissions through improved efficiency.