Cross Layer Optimized ZigBee-based Data Collection and Monitoring of Grid Systems

将信息和通信技术融入到网格系统中，为远程实时监控设备提供了先进的能力。在智能电网系统中，无线继电器被用于故障检测和电能质量分析的数据采集。当无线基站靠近高压输电线路时，来自基站的信号会以脉冲噪声的形式影响对线路的监测。随着主要在城市地区的蜂窝基站数量的增加，这种脉冲噪声成为无线传输时导致数据完整性损失的问题。在这个项目中，我们将研究这个问题，以量化数据的损失，并确定在这个噪声环境中保持相同数据质量所需的额外中继器的数量。这将有助于当电力线上检测到过多的噪声时，优化继电系统的运行(继电器的数量和位置)。特别是，将考虑使用由无线传感器网络和蜂窝网络组成的混合网络架构来监控城市和郊区的高压输电线路。电晕噪声是此类线路中电磁干扰的来源之一。我们将首先描述蜂窝基站附近存在脉冲电晕噪声的无线信道的特性，然后描述并解决基于Zigbee的线性和非线性无线传感器网络中的最佳中继器/传感器数目的问题。目标是开发一个矩阵，其中包含附加继电器的预期数量及其位置，以便在不同强度的噪声水平下保持相同的数据质量。物理和MAC层参数对监控性能的影响也将被量化并包括在矩阵中，以用作中继系统中的操作指南。

Incorporating information and communication technologies into grid systems provides advanced capabilitiesfor remote, and real-time monitoring and control of devices. In smart grid systems, wireless relays are used inthe data collection for fault detection and power quality analysis. When wireless base stations are closer to highvoltage transmission lines, the signals from the base stations impact the monitoring of the lines as impulsivenoise. With the growing number of cellular base stations mainly in urban areas, this impulsive noise becomes aproblem causing the loss of data integrity when wirelessly transmitted. In this project, we will study thisproblem to quantify the loss of data and to determine the number of additional relays required to maintain thesame data quality in this noisy environment. This will help optimize the relay system operations (number ofrelays and locations) when excessive noise is detected in power lines.In particular, a hybrid network architecture comprised of wireless sensor networks and cellular network will beconsidered to monitor the high voltage transmission lines in the urban and suburban areas. Corona noise is oneof the sources of electromagnetic interference in such lines. We will first characterize the wireless channel withimpulsive Corona noise near cellular base stations; then formulate and solve the problem of finding theoptimum number of relays/sensors in a Zigbee-based linear and non-linear wireless sensor networks. Goal is todevelop a matrix with the expected number of additional relays and their locations needed to maintain the samedata quality for various intensity of noise level. The effects of physical and MAC layer parameters on themonitoring performance will also be quantified and included in the matrix to be used as operational guidelinesin the relay system.