Use of nanotechnology for waste water treatment in remote communities by radioluminescence generated UV light from dispersed composite nanoparticles

利用纳米技术通过分散的复合纳米粒子发出的辐射发光产生紫外线来处理偏远社区的废水

• 批准号: 512126-2017
• 负责人: Kasap, Safa
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=640582
• 关键词: Use; nanotechnology; waste; water; treatment

Innocorps Research Corporation is a local corporation in Saskatoon that is engages in the industrial waste water treatment. Their water treatment process is based on thermochemical processes and does not include any UV treatment stages. In addition, their present system cannot be adapted for purification without any power. They would like to incorporate a UV treatment that is inexpensive and can be self-powered as a final water disinfection step in which the UV treatment would result in safe drinking water. A self-powered UV treatment would also mean that this step can be installed in remote communities as well where there is no electricity or it is not reliable. Water treatment with ultraviolet (UV) light is, of course, an established method of germicidal treatment. There are two problems related to the existing UV technology. The first is a need for electric power, which can exclude the application of this technology in various northern, remote or rural communities as well as for stranded and remote applications. The second is the fact that UV is strongly absorbed by water which requires the tight placement of powerful UV sources close to the water to be treated; the result is the difficulty in uniform UV irradiation of water. In this project, we address both problems by the creation of distributed sources of UV emission powered by built-in internal source of ionizing radiation. We are proposing to examine self-lighting UV emitting nanomaterials in the form of composite particles dispersed in a porous medium. This material could be packaged and engineered for use in water treatment in wells in remote areas and in simple water containers. The self-lighting nanoparticle has a core region that would consist of tungsten or bismuth oxide, which absorbs x-rays. The core material is coated with nanoparticles that exhibit UV emission by X-ray induced luminescence, such as CaF2 (calcium fluoride) nanocrystals. We will calculate the necessary parameters for designing such a system, for example the concentration and weight of the radioactive element needed, the conversion of energy from the radiative source to UV by the excitation of nanocrystals and the loss of some energy in the host glass material, and the necessary total volume of disinfection unit that is needed. Consequently, we would have the necessary parameters for the experimental work in the next phase.

Innocorps研究公司是萨斯卡通的一家当地公司，从事工业废水处理。他们的水处理工艺基于热化学工艺，不包括任何紫外线处理阶段。此外，他们目前的系统不能在没有任何动力的情况下进行净化。他们希望采用一种价格低廉且可以自供电的紫外线处理作为最终的水消毒步骤，其中紫外线处理将产生安全的饮用水。自供电紫外线处理也意味着这一步骤可以安装在没有电力或不可靠的偏远社区。当然，用紫外线（UV）处理水是一种既定的杀菌处理方法。存在与现有UV技术相关的两个问题。第一个原因是需要电力，这就排除了在各种北方、偏远或农村社区以及在搁浅和偏远地区应用这一技术。第二个是UV被水强烈吸收的事实，这需要将强大的UV源紧密地放置在靠近待处理的水的位置;结果是难以均匀地对水进行UV照射。在这个项目中，我们解决这两个问题，通过创建分布式源的紫外线发射由内置的内部电离辐射源。我们建议研究分散在多孔介质中的复合颗粒形式的自发光紫外线发射纳米材料。这种材料可以包装和设计用于偏远地区威尔斯井和简单水容器中的水处理。自发光纳米粒子有一个核心区域，由钨或氧化铋组成，可以吸收x射线。芯材料涂覆有纳米颗粒，其通过X射线诱导的发光显示UV发射，例如CaF 2（氟化钙）纳米晶体。我们将计算设计这种系统所需的参数，例如所需放射性元素的浓度和重量，通过纳米晶体的激发将能量从辐射源转换为UV，以及主体玻璃材料中的一些能量损失，以及所需消毒单元的必要总体积。因此，我们将为下一阶段的实验工作提供必要的参数。