Bactericidal components and mechanisms of an advanced oxidation system for water purification

埃德蒙顿的Biolargo Water公司提供了其专利高级氧化系统（AOS）消除水中细菌的概念证明。因此，该系统有潜力提供一种经济上有利的替代水消毒，并去除水中的有机化合物。然而，该系统的杀菌作用机制尚不清楚。与现有的水消毒和净化方法主要基于紫外线、氯或碘的氧化应激不同，Biolargo的AOS快速杀死微生物的能力是基于活性碘种诱导的氧化应激、酸碱胁迫和碘胁迫的综合作用。虽然细菌对这些单个应激源的耐药性已经被很好地理解，但几种致死或亚致死应激源联合应用对微生物生理和生存的影响尚不清楚。优化处理溶液的化学成分以及改进工艺、设备设计和扩大工艺规模需要增加对杀菌机制的了解。本课题将通过对所选大肠杆菌突变体的敏感性评价来评价AOS的杀菌机制。在ENGAGE项目中进行的探索性实验证明了这种实验方法可以产生相关知识的概念，并且还表明处理液中有机化合物、离子和氯的组成是AOS杀菌效果的重要参数。本项目将对AOS产生的氧化离子种类和杀菌机制进行全面的评估。在这个项目中产生的知识将被支持组织用于改进设备和工艺设计，以及应用开发。

Biolargo Water Inc. of Edmonton has provided proof of concept that its patented Advanced Oxidation System (AOS) eliminates bacteria in water. The system thus has the potential to provide an economically advantageous alternative to water disinfection, and for removal of organic compounds in water. However, the mechanisms of the bactericidal effect of the system remain unknown. Different from current methods for water disinfection and purification, which are mainly based on oxidative stress imposed by UV light, chlorine, or iodine, Biolargo's AOS ability to rapidly kill microorganisms is based on a combination of oxidative stress that is induced by reactive iodine species, acid and alkaline stress, and stress imposed by iodine. While bacterial resistance to these individual stressors is well understood, the effect of the combined application of several of these lethal or sublethal stressors on microbial physiology and survival is unknown. Optimization of the chemical composition of the treatment solution as well as improvement of the process, equipment design, and scale up of the process requires increased knowledge on the bactericidal mechanisms. This proposal will assess bactericidal mechanisms of the AOS by evaluating the sensitivity of selected mutants of Escherichia coli. Explorative experimentation during an ENGAGE project provided proof of concept that this experimental approach generates relevant knowledge, and additionally indicated that the composition of the treatment fluid with respect to organic compounds, ions, and chlorine is an important parameter with respect to the bactericidal effect of the AOS. This project will provide a comprehensive assessment of the oxidative ion species generated by the AOS and the bactericidal mechanisms. The knowledge generated in this project will be used by the supporting organization for improved equipment and process design, and application development.