Improving energy performance of buildings during operation

提高建筑物运行期间的能源性能

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04971
• 负责人: Monfet, Danielle
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: École de technologie supérieure
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=660073
• 关键词: Improving; energy; performance; buildings; during

Building operation accounts for about 80% of the environmental impacts of buildings over their lifetime. Hence, improving energy performance of buildings during operation has the potential to significantly lessen their environmental burden. The use of building modelling and simulation tools to assess energy performance, identify operation issues, propose retrofits, and evaluate new control strategies is rapidly gaining acceptance. However, there are often discrepancies between predictions of building energy use by the available tools compared to measurements made during building operation, which has a direct impact on the long-term energy performance of buildings. **Three short-term objectives are proposed to bridge the gap between predicted and measured performance of buildings and improve the energy performance of building during operation: (1) to develop a feedback methodology where measured building data are used to assess the actual performance of innovative designs during operation and enable the use of more realistic modelling strategies and input parameters for the design of future buildings; (2)to propose new calibration techniques and inverse models at the equipment level to account for changes during operation to improve the accuracy of the simulation results for ongoing commissioning and building retrofit purposes; (3) to integrate monitored data and ongoing commissioning techniques to building information models (BIM). **The first objective aims to develop a methodology based on various performance indices to compare the monitored results during operation with design simulation results. Design data and monitored data are collected and compared to identify and establish new modelling and simulation techniques to reduce the discrepancies between design and operation performances for future buildings. **The second objective consists of the development of an approach to modify performance curves used in simulation tools and the development of new models for mechanical equipment and components to take into account changes occurring during operation, such as equipment degradation, using monitored data. A general and systematic approach will be proposed for the modification of component parameters during the operation phase of buildings for calibration purposes. The approach undertaken includes the acquisition of information and data, followed by the identification of input parameters and performance curves of major equipment with data extracted from a subset of measured data or from the manufacturer's catalog data. The default values or curves are then replaced with the newly identified input parameters in the simulation tools and a comparison between the predictions and measurements is carried out. **The last objective looks at using building information models to further improve the performance of buildings during operation by integrating energy simulation and measured data to BIM. The methodology will consist of identifying and integrating various existing ongoing commissioning tools and visualisation tools as well as new modules to allow the building operator to have a better representation of the building performance and problems. **The proposed objectives are a step towards the continuous improvement of building performance from design to operation. This aspect is often neglected by the industry and by prolonging the usefulness of the design tools during the operation phase and including measured data to improve design approaches, the overall performance of buildings will be enhanced. As energy targets become more stringent, research in this field is becoming critical to ensure the long-term energy performance of buildings by maintaining the performance requirements beyond the first few years of operation.

建筑物的运营约占建筑物一生中环境影响的80％。因此，在运营过程中提高建筑物的能源性能有可能大大减轻环境负担。使用建筑建模和仿真工具来评估能源绩效，确定操作问题，提出改造并评估新的控制策略正在迅速获得接受。但是，与在建筑物运营过程中进行的测量相比，可用工具建筑能源使用的预测通常存在差异，这对建筑物的长期能源性能有直接影响。 **提出了三个短期目标，以弥合建筑物的预测性能和测量性能之间的差距，并在操作过程中改善建筑物的能量性能：（1）开发一种反馈方法，其中使用测量的建筑物数据来评估操作过程中创新设计的实际性能，并启用更现实的建模策略和未来建筑设计的更现实的建模策略和投入参数； （2）在设备级别提出新的校准技术和逆模型，以说明操作过程中的变化，以提高仿真结果的准确性，以进行持续的调试和建筑改造目的； （3）将受监视的数据和正在进行的调试技术集成到构建信息模型（BIM）。 **第一个目标旨在根据各种性能指数开发一种方法，以将操作过程中监视的结果与设计模拟结果进行比较。 收集并进行了比较的设计数据和监视数据，以识别和建立新的建模和仿真技术，以减少未来建筑物的设计和操作性能之间的差异。 **第二个目标包括开发一种方法，用于修改模拟工具中使用的性能曲线，并开发用于使用受监视数据的机械设备和组件的新模型，以考虑操作过程中发生的变化，例如设备降解。 为了校准目的，将提出一种通用和系统的方法，以在建筑物的操作阶段修改组件参数。所采用的方法包括获取信息和数据，然后识别主要设备的输入参数和性能曲线，并从测量数据的子集或制造商的目录数据中提取数据。然后，将默认值或曲线替换为模拟工具中新识别的输入参数，并进行了预测和测量之间的比较。 **最后一个目标是利用建筑信息模型，通过将能量模拟和测量的数据集成到BIM来进一步提高操作过程中建筑物的性能。该方法将包括识别和集成各种现有的持续调试工具和可视化工具以及新模块，以使建筑运营商可以更好地表示建筑物的性能和问题。 **提出的目标是朝着从设计到操作的建筑绩效持续改进的一步。行业通常会忽略这一方面，并​​在运营阶段延长设计工具的实用性，并包括测量的数据以改善设计方法，将增强建筑物的整体性能。随着能源目标变得越来越严格，该领域的研究变得至关重要，对于确保建筑物的长期能源性能通过维护运营的最初几年来确保建筑物的长期能量性能。