Improving energy performance of buildings during operation

提高建筑物运行期间的能源性能

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04971
• 负责人: Monfet, Danielle
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: École de technologie supérieure
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=680784
• 关键词: Improving; energy; performance; buildings; during

Building operation accounts for about 80% of the environmental impacts of buildings over their lifetime. Hence, improving energy performance of buildings during operation has the potential to significantly lessen their environmental burden. The use of building modelling and simulation tools to assess energy performance, identify operation issues, propose retrofits, and evaluate new control strategies is rapidly gaining acceptance. However, there are often discrepancies between predictions of building energy use by the available tools compared to measurements made during building operation, which has a direct impact on the long-term energy performance of buildings. **Three short-term objectives are proposed to bridge the gap between predicted and measured performance of buildings and improve the energy performance of building during operation: (1) to develop a feedback methodology where measured building data are used to assess the actual performance of innovative designs during operation and enable the use of more realistic modelling strategies and input parameters for the design of future buildings; (2)to propose new calibration techniques and inverse models at the equipment level to account for changes during operation to improve the accuracy of the simulation results for ongoing commissioning and building retrofit purposes; (3) to integrate monitored data and ongoing commissioning techniques to building information models (BIM). **The first objective aims to develop a methodology based on various performance indices to compare the monitored results during operation with design simulation results. Design data and monitored data are collected and compared to identify and establish new modelling and simulation techniques to reduce the discrepancies between design and operation performances for future buildings. **The second objective consists of the development of an approach to modify performance curves used in simulation tools and the development of new models for mechanical equipment and components to take into account changes occurring during operation, such as equipment degradation, using monitored data. A general and systematic approach will be proposed for the modification of component parameters during the operation phase of buildings for calibration purposes. The approach undertaken includes the acquisition of information and data, followed by the identification of input parameters and performance curves of major equipment with data extracted from a subset of measured data or from the manufacturer's catalog data. The default values or curves are then replaced with the newly identified input parameters in the simulation tools and a comparison between the predictions and measurements is carried out. **The last objective looks at using building information models to further improve the performance of buildings during operation by integrating energy simulation and measured data to BIM. The methodology will consist of identifying and integrating various existing ongoing commissioning tools and visualisation tools as well as new modules to allow the building operator to have a better representation of the building performance and problems. **The proposed objectives are a step towards the continuous improvement of building performance from design to operation. This aspect is often neglected by the industry and by prolonging the usefulness of the design tools during the operation phase and including measured data to improve design approaches, the overall performance of buildings will be enhanced. As energy targets become more stringent, research in this field is becoming critical to ensure the long-term energy performance of buildings by maintaining the performance requirements beyond the first few years of operation.

在楼宇的使用期内，楼宇运作对环境造成的影响约占80%。因此，改善建筑物在运营期间的能源性能有可能显着减轻其环境负担。使用建筑建模和仿真工具来评估能源性能、识别运行问题、提出改造建议和评估新的控制策略正在迅速获得认可。然而，现有工具对建筑物能源使用的预测与建筑物运营期间的测量结果之间往往存在差异，这对建筑物的长期能源性能产生直接影响。** 建议三个短期目标，以弥合楼宇的预测表现与实测表现之间的差距，并改善楼宇在营运期间的能源表现：（1）发展一套反馈方法，利用实测楼宇数据评估创新设计在营运期间的实际表现，并使未来楼宇的设计能采用更切合实际的模拟策略和输入参数;（2）在设备层面提出新的校准技术和逆模型，以说明运行期间的变化，从而提高模拟结果的准确性，用于正在进行的调试和建筑改造目的;（3）将监测数据和正在进行的调试技术集成到建筑信息模型（BIM）中。** 第一个目标旨在根据各种性能指标制定一种方法，以便将运行期间的监测结果与设计模拟结果进行比较。 设计数据和监测数据的收集和比较，以确定和建立新的建模和仿真技术，以减少未来建筑物的设计和运营性能之间的差异。** 第二个目标是开发一种方法，修改模拟工具中使用的性能曲线，并开发机械设备和部件的新模型，以考虑到运行期间发生的变化，例如使用监测数据的设备退化。 将提出一种通用和系统的方法，用于在建筑物的运行阶段修改组件参数，以进行校准。采取的方法包括获取信息和数据，然后利用从测量数据子集或制造商目录数据中提取的数据，确定主要设备的输入参数和性能曲线。然后，在模拟工具中用新识别的输入参数替换默认值或曲线，并进行预测和测量之间的比较。** 最后一个目标是使用建筑信息模型，通过将能源模拟和测量数据集成到BIM中，进一步提高建筑物在运营过程中的性能。该方法将包括识别和集成各种现有的正在进行的调试工具和可视化工具以及新模块，以使建筑运营商能够更好地表示建筑性能和问题。** 建议的目标是朝着不断改善建筑物从设计到运营的性能迈出的一步。这方面往往被业界忽略，而透过延长设计工具在运作阶段的效用，以及纳入测量数据以改善设计方法，建筑物的整体表现将会得到提升。随着能源目标变得更加严格，这一领域的研究对于通过在最初几年的运营之后保持性能要求来确保建筑物的长期能源性能变得至关重要。