Integration of agricultural spaces to buildings

评估多用途建筑的能源性能需要开发新的设计方法和运营策略。随着新的建筑用途的出现，有必要研究设计要求以及可能与各种其他建筑空间的相互作用。例如，开发将农业空间与建筑物相结合的解决方案的兴趣日益高涨，要么是为了改善室内环境，要么是为了提供当地种植的食物。在这两种情况下，植物与建筑室内环境的复杂相互作用往往被忽视，但却很重要，并影响建筑的设计和运行。为了确保农业空间与建筑的适当整合，提出了以下目标：(1)建立植物模型以评估它们对建筑室内环境的影响，(2)开发一种方法来确定其供暖、通风和空调(HVAC)设备的大小，以及(3)评估农业空间与其他建筑空间(负荷和暖通空调系统)的可能协同效应。为了估计植物对建筑室内环境的影响，将对现有的植物生长模型进行评估，并对其进行调整，以将其集成到建筑性能模拟工具中。植物对室内环境条件(温度、湿度和二氧化碳)的影响将在不同的种植密度和不同的植物种类下进行数值评估。估计的影响还将使用受控环境农业试验台和现有设施的测量数据进行验证。为了制定一种确定暖通空调设备大小的方法，将涉及两个不同的方面。一是详细分析植物模型参数及其对显性和潜在性负荷的影响，二是评价不同暖通空调设备对维持室内环境条件的影响。最后，将通过建筑性能模拟来研究综合农业空间与其他建筑空间(负荷和暖通空调系统)的相互作用。这将为更节能的多用途建筑的设计提供依据。研究结果将有助于更好地了解植物对建筑物的影响，并为维持室内条件所需的暖通空调设备的设计和尺寸确定提供新的方法。它还将评估工厂对整体建筑能源性能的影响，并为它们的无缝集成提供指导方针。

Assessing the energy performance of multi-usage buildings requires the development of new design approaches and operating strategies. As new building usages emerge, there is a need to study the design requirements and possible interactions with a variety of other building spaces. For instance, there is a rising interest to develop solutions to integrate agricultural spaces to buildings, either to improve the indoor environment or to provide locally grown food. In both cases, the complex interaction of plants with the building indoor environment is often neglected, but is important and influences the design and operation of buildings. To ensure proper integration of agricultural spaces to buildings the following objectives are proposed: (1) to model plants to estimate their impact on the building indoor environment, (2) to develop a methodology to size their heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment, and (3) to evaluate the possible synergies of the agricultural spaces with the other building spaces (loads and HVAC systems). To estimate the impact of plants on the building indoor environment, available plant growth models will be evaluated and adapted for their integration to building performance simulation tools. The impact of plants on the indoor environment conditions (temperature, humidity, and CO2) will be assessed numerically for various cultivated densities and for different plant species. The estimated impact will also be verified using a controlled environment agriculture test bench and measured data from existing installations. For the development of a methodology to size the HVAC equipment, two different aspects will be addressed. The first is a detailed analysis of plant model parameters and their impact on sensible and latent loads and the second is the evaluation of different HVAC equipment to maintain the indoor environment conditions. Finally, the interaction of the integrated agricultural spaces with other building spaces (loads and HVAC systems) will be studied using building performance simulations. This will provide the basis for the design of more energy performant multi-usage buildings. The results will lead to a better understanding of the impacts of plants on buildings and provide new approaches for the design and sizing of the HVAC equipment required to maintain indoor conditions. It will also assess the impact of plants on the overall building energy performance and provide guidelines for their seamless integration.