Understanding the Impacts of Climate Change on Small Wetland Ecosystems.

了解气候变化对小型湿地生态系统的影响。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05600
• 负责人: Houlahan, Jeff
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=678541
• 关键词: Understanding; Impacts; Climate; Change; Small

The Fifth Intergovernmental Panel on climate change assessment report has been released. The evidence is unequivocal that the climate is changing and there is a strong consensus that the changes are being caused by human activities. Mitigation of climate change impacts is going to require reasonably accurate predictions of the effects of climate change over the next 50-100 years. While there has been a great deal of research aimed at addressing climate change impacts in aquatic systems there have been few, if any, that have been able to use a combination of whole-system manipulations, observations of natural systems and laboratory experiments to predict climate change's impact. ***Changes in temperature and precipitation are likely to have both direct and indirect impacts. Direct impacts are caused by pushing some organisms outside the range of temperatures or hydroperiod which they can tolerate or by altering growth and development rates and changing biotic interactions among species within aquatic systems. For example, both green frogs and wood frogs are likely to benefit from the direct effect of deeper, longer lasting ponds under increased precipitation because they are less likely to undergo mortality due to pond drying. However, the beneficial effect on wood frogs of increased hydroperiod may be offset  by increased predation of wood frog eggs by green frog tadpoles.The Fifth Intergovernmental Panel on climate change assessment report has been released and the evidence is***unequivocal that the climate is changing and there is a strong consensus that the changes are being caused by human activities. Mitigation of climate change impacts is going to require reasonably accurate predictions of the effects of climate change over the next 50-100 years. While there has been a great deal of research aimed at***addressing climate change impacts in aquatic systems there have been few, if any, that have been able to use a combination of whole-system manipulations, observations of natural systems and laboratory experiments to provide to predict climate changes impact.***Changes in temperature and precipitation are likely to have both direct and indirect impacts. Direct impacts caused by pushing some organisms outside the range of temperatures or hydroperiod which they can tolerate or by altering growth and development rates and indirect impacts by changing biotic interactions among species***within aquatic systems. One example of such a potential indirect effect caused by changes in biotic interactions is between green frog and wood frog tadpoles. Both green frogs and wood frogs are likely to benefit from the direct effect of deeper, longer lasting ponds due to increased precipitation because they are less likely to undergo***mortality due to pond drying. However, the beneficial effect on wood frogs of increased hydroperiod may be offset or overwhelmed by increased predation of wood frog eggs by green frog tadpoles. *** **

政府间气候变化专门委员会第五次评估报告发布。有明确的证据表明气候正在发生变化，并且人们一致认为这些变化是由人类活动引起的。减轻气候变化影响需要对未来 50-100 年气候变化的影响进行相当准确的预测。虽然已经有大量研究旨在解决气候变化对水生系统的影响，但很少有研究能够结合整个系统的操作、自然系统的观察和实验室实验来预测气候变化的影响。 ***温度和降水的变化可能会产生直接和间接影响。直接影响是由于将某些生物体推到它们可以忍受的温度或水文周期范围之外，或者改变生长和发育速率以及改变水生系统内物种之间的生物相互作用而造成的。例如，绿蛙和林蛙都可能受益于降水量增加的更深、更持久的池塘的直接影响，因为它们不太可能因池塘干燥而死亡。然而，水周期增加对木蛙的有益影响可能会被绿蛙蝌蚪对木蛙卵的捕食增加所抵消。第五次政府间气候变化专门委员会评估报告已经发布，证据***明确地表明气候正在发生变化，并且人们一致认为这些变化是由人类活动引起的。减轻气候变化影响需要对未来 50-100 年气候变化的影响进行相当准确的预测。虽然已经有大量研究旨在***解决气候变化对水生系统的影响，但很少有研究能够结合整个系统的操作、自然系统的观察和实验室实验来预测气候变化的影响。***温度和降水的变化可能会产生直接和间接影响。通过将某些生物体推到它们可以忍受的温度或水文周期范围之外或通过改变生长和发育速率而造成直接影响，通过改变水生系统内物种***之间的生物相互作用而造成间接影响。生物相互作用的变化引起的这种潜在间接影响的一个例子是绿蛙和林蛙蝌蚪之间。由于降水量增加，绿蛙和林蛙都可能受益于更深、更持久的池塘的直接影响，因为它们不太可能因池塘干燥而死亡。然而，水周期增加对木蛙的有益影响可能会被绿蛙蝌蚪对木蛙卵的捕食增加所抵消或压倒。 ** **