Understanding the Impacts of Climate Change on Small Wetland Ecosystems.

了解气候变化对小型湿地生态系统的影响。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05600
• 负责人: Houlahan, Jeff
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=678541
• 关键词: Understanding; Impacts; Climate; Change; Small

The Fifth Intergovernmental Panel on climate change assessment report has been released. The evidence is unequivocal that the climate is changing and there is a strong consensus that the changes are being caused by human activities. Mitigation of climate change impacts is going to require reasonably accurate predictions of the effects of climate change over the next 50-100 years. While there has been a great deal of research aimed at addressing climate change impacts in aquatic systems there have been few, if any, that have been able to use a combination of whole-system manipulations, observations of natural systems and laboratory experiments to predict climate change's impact. ***Changes in temperature and precipitation are likely to have both direct and indirect impacts. Direct impacts are caused by pushing some organisms outside the range of temperatures or hydroperiod which they can tolerate or by altering growth and development rates and changing biotic interactions among species within aquatic systems. For example, both green frogs and wood frogs are likely to benefit from the direct effect of deeper, longer lasting ponds under increased precipitation because they are less likely to undergo mortality due to pond drying. However, the beneficial effect on wood frogs of increased hydroperiod may be offset  by increased predation of wood frog eggs by green frog tadpoles.The Fifth Intergovernmental Panel on climate change assessment report has been released and the evidence is***unequivocal that the climate is changing and there is a strong consensus that the changes are being caused by human activities. Mitigation of climate change impacts is going to require reasonably accurate predictions of the effects of climate change over the next 50-100 years. While there has been a great deal of research aimed at***addressing climate change impacts in aquatic systems there have been few, if any, that have been able to use a combination of whole-system manipulations, observations of natural systems and laboratory experiments to provide to predict climate changes impact.***Changes in temperature and precipitation are likely to have both direct and indirect impacts. Direct impacts caused by pushing some organisms outside the range of temperatures or hydroperiod which they can tolerate or by altering growth and development rates and indirect impacts by changing biotic interactions among species***within aquatic systems. One example of such a potential indirect effect caused by changes in biotic interactions is between green frog and wood frog tadpoles. Both green frogs and wood frogs are likely to benefit from the direct effect of deeper, longer lasting ponds due to increased precipitation because they are less likely to undergo***mortality due to pond drying. However, the beneficial effect on wood frogs of increased hydroperiod may be offset or overwhelmed by increased predation of wood frog eggs by green frog tadpoles. *** **

第五届政府间气候变化评估报告已发布。有明确的证据表明气候正在发生变化，并且有一个强烈共识，即这些变化是由人类活动引起的。缓解气候变化影响将需要对未来50 - 100年的气候变化影响进行合理准确的预测。尽管有大量的研究旨在解决水生系统中的气候变化影响，但很少有（如果有的话）能够结合整个系统操纵的组合，对自然系统和实验室实验的观察来预测气候变化的影响。 ***温度和精度的变化可能会产生直接和间接影响。直接影响是由于将某些生物推向温度或水力发性范围之外的某些生物会引起的，它们可以耐受或改变生长和发展速度，并改变水生系统中物种之间的生物相互作用。例如，绿色青蛙和木青蛙都可能受益于更深，更持久的池塘在增加降水量下的直接作用，因为它们由于池塘干燥而导致死亡的可能性较小。然而，绿色青蛙t的捕食增加可能会抵消对木蛙的木蛙的有益作用。第五次政府间小组对攀岩变更评估报告已释放，并且证据已经发生了证据，证据表明气候正在发生变化，并且存在强烈的共识，这是由人类的变化引起的。缓解气候变化影响将需要对未来50 - 100年的气候变化影响进行合理准确的预测。尽管有很多研究旨在解决水生系统中的气候变化影响，但很少有（如果有的话）能够结合整个系统操作的组合，对天然系统和实验室实验的观察来预测气候变化的影响。通过将某些生物推向温度或水力发性范围之外的某些生物会引起的直接影响，通过改变水生系统中物种之间的生物相互作用，它们可以忍受或改变生长和发展速度以及间接影响。绿色青蛙和木青蛙t之间，由生物相互作用变化引起的这种潜在间接效应的一个例子。绿色青蛙和木青蛙都可能受益于更深，更持久的池塘的直接效应，因为降水增加，由于池塘干燥而导致的死亡率较小，因此持续较长的池塘。但是，对增加的水力前木蛙的有益作用可能会被绿色青蛙t鼠捕食木蛙卵增加而淹没或淹没。 *****