Characterizing the biologically available phosphorus fraction of fish farm wastewater and optimizing systems for its removal

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Aquaculture-the production of fish in hatcheries and fish farms-is a major economic activity in Ontario with considerable potential for expansion. Ontario trout production is the largest component of the Canadian freshwater aquaculture sector, generating more than 5,500 tonnes annually with a value of more than $31 million. Phosphorus is a key nutrient found in the wastewaters generated by aquaculture facilities which, unfortunately, is associated with environmental degradation. As such, it must be regulated both in Canada and globally. Cedar Crest Fish Farms, the largest land-based aquaculture facility in Ontario, is seeking effective and economically viable phosphorous management and treatment strategies, particularly in light of more stringent environmental regulations around water conservation. To facilitate the adoption of water conservation in the sector and to help with the expansion of aquaculture in Ontario, it is necessary to identify and invest in practical, effective technologies and strategies to manage phosphorus in fish culture effluent. This study aims to characterize the efficacy of various phosphorus sorption media and assess their potential use in phosphorus reduction at Cedar Crest Fish Farms. The outcomes of this research will ensure Cedar Crest's long-term economic viability and market competitiveness, while simultaneously benefitting land-based aquaculture operations throughout Ontario and Canada by addressing a significant challenge to the sustainable growth of the industry.