Smart Brain-Microsystem Interfaces for Efficient Diagnostic and Treatment of Neurodegenerative diseases

如今，神经退行性疾病是大多数神经中枢系统功能障碍的原因，估计有26%的人口患有这些脑部疾病（脑部治疗程序）。监测神经细胞和神经递质活动以及神经调节神经功能需要设计、组装和包装先进的微系统。***我们在这个项目中的目标分为五个主要的长期目标：1)构建可穿戴的信号/图像采集接口，用于预测和检测疾病，如视力和癫痫，这些疾病可能位于视网膜水平或皮质外的各个区域；2)实现可植入的定制生物传感器和执行器，包括用于神经编码和神经递质表征的大规模并行神经记录接口；3)从无线电波中获取能量来操作所提出的微系统；4)微机械金属/光学三维微电极阵列改善神经接口；5)实现低功耗高数据速率无线收发器。***我们之前在构建智能医疗微设备方面的长期经验，以及在培养神经细胞和/或与相关医学学科的研究人员合作中取得的结果，使我们能够找到最新设备的缺点，以便提出所需的先进生物电子工具，这些工具必须有效地与神经细胞相互作用。***预计诊断技术和神经假体的实施将产生重大影响，因为它可以准确定位脑神经退行性疾病，有效地恢复皮层功能并随后增强/恢复患者失去的重要功能，以及了解其他未知疾病。将注重培养这些多学科新兴神经技术专业的高素质人才，这些专业正在成为帮助人口老龄化的必修课。此外，涉及远程监控和治疗以及能量收集的拟议微系统可以用于其他需要可穿戴和植入式大脑和身体传感器网络的应用。

Nowadays, neurodegenerative diseases are behind most neural central system dysfunctions, where an estimated 26% of population suffers from some of these brain disorders (Brain reatment procedures. Monitoring neural cell and neurotransmitter activities, and neuromodulate neural functions require design, assembly, and packaging processes of advanced microsystems. ***Our goal in this program is grouped into five main long-term objectives: 1) build wearable signal/image acquisition interfaces intended for prediction and detection of diseases, such as vision and epilepsy, that may be located at the retina level or in various extracortical regions; 2) implement implantable custom biosensors and actuators including massively parallel neurorecording interfaces for neural encoding and neurotransmitters' characterization; 3) harvest energy from radio waveforms to operate proposed microsystems; 4) micromachine metallic/optic 3D Microelectrode arrays to improve neural interfaces; 5) implement low-power high data-rate wireless transceivers.***Our previous long term experience on building smart medical microdevices, and achieved results when testing in cultured neural cells and/or in collaboration with researchers from relevant medical disciplines allowed us to locate the drawbacks of latest devices in order to propose needed advanced bioelectronic tools, which must efficiently interact with neural cells. ***The impact of projected diagnostic techniques and neuroprostheses implementation is expected to be major due to accurately locate the brain neurodegenerative diseases and to efficiently restore cortical functions and subsequently enhance/recover lost vital functions for patients, and understand other unknown diseases. Attention will be paid to train highly qualified personal in these multidisciplinary emerging neurotechnology specialities which are becoming mandatory to help aging population. Also, proposed microsystems involving remote monitoring and treatment, as well as energy harvesting, can be used in several other applications requiring wearable and implantable brain and body sensor networks.