Large-area perovskite solar cell surpassing 25% efficiency

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The effects of climate change have warmed Canada's environment twice as fast as the global average. Canada'soceans are now more acidic - and less oxygenated - than ever. More frequent and extreme weather conditionsare already affecting over 100,000 Canadians every year. Climate change endangers the health, safety andeconomic well-being of millions of Canadians for generations to come. Therefore, Canada has committed tokeeping the warming below 2 degrees Celsius of pre-industrial levels through the reduction of its greenhouseemissions. Clean and renewable energy solutions are top priorities in its climate plan.The goal of this research is to directly contribute to this commitment through the development of low-cost andefficient large-area perovskite solar cells. Increasing the efficiency to over >25% on large scale cells willdisrupt energy economics of solar technology. Having achieved this goal on the small scale we will transformthis into the large scale through our thorough understanding of mechanism of how these materials arecrystallized. This knowledge allows us to perform a targeted compositional, solvent, and electronic engineeringto scale up the device dimension with no loss of performance.The solutions proposed herein will directly help Canada to reach its climate action goals and also provideCanadian businesses with a direct technological advantage in the highly competitive, expanding and lucrative$150 billion/year photovoltaic market.