The next generation agriculture:spinach-associated microbes as the new pesticide against plant and food borne pathogens in the agrifood sector

耐药微生物的快速发展，植物病原体新小种的发现，以及疾病的不断复发，推动了药物发现领域的进步。菠菜，以次生代谢物形式产生的提取物(即植物汁液)显示出对多种微生物病原体的抗菌活性。有关植物提取物对植物病原体和产生真菌毒素的霉菌的效力的相关文献尚不多见。这项建议将使用高通量筛选(HTP)方法从菠菜的不同遗传来源中筛选与植物汁液相关的植物微生物组，以研究其生物活性，包括促进生长和预防农业病原体和食源性病原体。我们合理地认为，(I)不同品种的数量水平不同，(Ii)次级抗菌代谢产物和(Ii)植物汁液中含有能够独立于宿主生物合成相同或相似生物活性次级化合物的微生物。全球目标：1.用高效液相色谱法(HTP)研究植物汁液对不同种类病原菌的抑菌活性和效力，确定其对真菌病原菌、细菌食品腐败病原菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。2.鉴定与汁液相关的微生物，并研究它们作为生物农药和/或植物生物刺激剂的作用。3.对作为生物杀虫剂的最有效组分进行多相分析。4.利用抗菌活性成分和表面修饰的埃洛石纳米管(HNT)开发纳米复合配方，为延长保质期和提高商业价值提供解决方案。商业产品将在受控温室条件下进行概念验证评估。可交付成果。具有增强的生物利用度的纳米配方，并有针对性地交付产品，以提高重复性和耐用性。

The rapid development of pesticide-resistant microbes, the discovery of new races of phytopathogens, and the constant recurrence of diseases have pushed for advances in the field of drug discovery. Spinach, extracts (i.e., plant sap) in the form of secondary metabolites produced demonstrate antimicrobial activities against a wide range of microbial pathogens. Relevant literature on the potency of plant-derived extracts on phytopathogens and mycotoxin-producing moulds is lacking. This proposal will screen plant- microbiome associated with plant sap from different genetics of spinach using high throughput screening (HTP) assays for bioactivities including growth stimulation and prevention of agriculturally and food borne pathogens. We rationalize that (i) different varieties vary in their quantitative levels of (ii) secondary antimicrobial metabolites and (ii) plant sap harbour microorganisms capable of host-independent biosynthesis of the same or similar bioactive secondary compounds. Global objectives: 1. Study the antimicrobial activity and potency of plant sap against different groups of pathogens by (HTP) bioassays, determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against (a) Fungal pathogens, (b) Bacterial food spoilage pathogens 2. Identify sap associated-microbes and study their functions as biopesticide and/plant biostimulants. 3. Conduct polyphasic assays of the most potent fraction as biopesticide. 4.Develop a nano-composite formulation using the antimicrobial active ingredients and surface modified halloysite nanotubes (HNT) that will provide solutions to extend the shelf-life and improve the commercial value. The commercial products will be evaluated in proof-of-concept under controlled greenhouse conditions. Deliverables. Nano formulations with enhanced bioavailability and targeted delivery of the product for increased reproducibility and durability.