Environmental optics, remote sensing and phytoplankton ecology

环境光学、遥感与浮游植物生态学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05074
• 负责人: Huot, Yannick
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: Université de Sherbrooke
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=740385
• 关键词: Environmental; optics; remote; sensing; phytoplankton

Optical remote sensing of water provides an extremely useful tool to observe and study oceans and lakes. To do this, satellite measurements must be accurately interpreted based on an understanding of the underlying physics and biology of these sensitive environments. This requires the development of precise algorithms grounded in a deep understanding of ecosystem functioning. My long-term vision is to ensure that disparate measurements - remote and in situ, biology and physics - are correctly interpreted and fed (assimilated) into advanced models that describe how aquatic systems function and respond to human impacts. While today this is done mostly with physical variables, biological aspects are only starting to be used in assimilation models because their interpretation is more complex. My lab has been working towards this long-term goal through a series of studies on different key system variables that could unlock a new understanding of aquatic systems: Sun-induced fluorescence provides information on phytoplankton physiology while the volume scattering function provides information on all small living and non-living particles present in water. By making rapid advances in inversion modelling procedures, we will show their groundbreaking potential to help us understand better how aquatic systems function at large scales. The present proposal has three main short-term objectives: 1) better identify the sources of variability in the volume scattering function and Sun-induced fluorescence in the ocean to allow improved in situ and remote sensing observations; 2) Advance large-scale remote sensing of lakes using satellites to allow monitoring and the study of changes in lakes over time and the extent of human impacts; 3) Improve our understanding of the human impacts on lakes across Canada now and into the future by assessing how the activities within a lake's watershed together with climate change can modify lake functioning. Theses short-term objectives will be achieved by training several students and postdocs who will strongly benefit from the very diverse activities in my research program, develop great scientific breadth and skills to advance state-of-the-art methods, and answer key contemporary scientific questions. They will furthermore be participating in international collaborative efforts that have grown through previous grants from the NSERC Discovery program.

水体光学遥感是观测和研究海洋和湖泊的一个极其有用的工具。要做到这一点，必须根据对这些敏感环境的基本物理学和生物学的理解，准确地解释卫星测量结果。这需要在深入了解生态系统功能的基础上开发精确的算法。我的长期愿景是确保不同的测量结果--远程和原位、生物学和物理学--得到正确的解释并输入（吸收）到描述水生系统如何运作和应对人类影响的高级模型中。虽然今天这主要是用物理变量来完成的，但生物方面只是开始用于同化模型，因为它们的解释更加复杂。我的实验室一直致力于通过对不同关键系统变量的一系列研究实现这一长期目标，这些变量可以解锁对水生系统的新理解：太阳诱导荧光提供浮游植物生理学信息，而体积散射函数提供水中所有小的生命和非生命颗粒的信息。通过在反演建模程序方面取得快速进展，我们将展示其开创性的潜力，帮助我们更好地了解水生系统在大尺度上的功能。本建议有三个主要的短期目标：（1）更好地查明海洋中体积散射函数和太阳诱导荧光的可变性来源，以便改进现场和遥感观测;（2）利用卫星推进大规模湖泊遥感，以便监测和研究湖泊随时间的变化和人类影响的程度; 3）通过评估湖泊流域内的活动以及气候变化如何改变湖泊功能，提高我们对人类现在和未来对加拿大湖泊影响的理解。这些短期目标将通过培养几名学生和博士后来实现，他们将从我的研究计划中非常多样化的活动中受益，发展巨大的科学广度和技能，以推进最先进的方法，并回答关键的当代科学问题。此外，他们还将参与通过NSERC发现计划先前的赠款而发展起来的国际合作努力。