Multimodal measures of the interaction between cognition and language experience

认知与语言体验之间相互作用的多模态测量

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04070
• 负责人: Kousaie, Shanna
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=764360
• 关键词: Multimodal; measures; interaction; between; cognition

Language experience is an important factor that influences neurocognition; however, questions about the fundamental processes underlying the cognitive and neuroplastic changes that are related to language-experience remain largely unanswered. The proposed research will take a comprehensive multimodal cognitive neuroscience approach to address questions about the influence(s) of language experience on cognition in terms of the brain and behaviour. Language experience will be measured in a continuous and multifaceted way (e.g., age of second language learning, self-reported language usage patterns, objective measures of proficiency) and related to behavioural measures of different executive function processes (i.e., mental set shifting, updating and monitoring of working memory, and inhibition) in both the verbal and the non-verbal domains. The results of the behavioural analysis will inform subsequent studies that will examine the influence of language experience on brain function and structure using electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Executive function tasks will be performed while electrical brain activity (i.e., EEG) is recorded and during MRI scanning. By combining these two methods, information about both the timing of neural processes and the specific brain regions implicated in task performance will be obtained. Additionally, measures of brain structure and brain activity at rest (i.e., task-independent activity) will identify anatomical differences in the brain and differences in intrinsic brain connectivity that may be associated with different language experiences. The series of experiments that will be undertaken will further our understanding of the language experience factors that are important in shaping the brain and behaviour and start to address questions about the mechanism(s) of these changes. Given the ubiquity of bi- and multi-lingualism, understanding how language experience influences cognition and brain processes is essential. The results from the current research that uses a multi-method approach and comprehensive experimental paradigms will yield results that make significant contributions to current knowledge of the fundamental processes underlying language experience-related effects on cognition and brain plasticity. The proposed research will provide the foundations and framework for future research that examines the effects of language experience on early brain development, language and cognitive processing, including across different languages and in diverse populations.

语言经验是影响神经认知的一个重要因素，然而，有关与语言经验相关的认知和神经可塑性变化的基本过程的问题在很大程度上仍然没有答案。拟议的研究将采取全面的多模态认知神经科学方法，以解决语言经验对大脑和行为认知的影响问题。语言经验将以持续和多方面的方式进行衡量（例如，第二语言学习的年龄、自我报告的语言使用模式、熟练程度的客观测量）以及与不同执行功能过程的行为测量（即，心理定势转变、工作记忆的更新和监测以及抑制）在言语和非言语领域。行为分析的结果将为随后的研究提供信息，这些研究将使用脑电图（EEG）和磁共振成像（MRI）检查语言体验对大脑功能和结构的影响。执行功能任务将在脑电活动（即，EEG）记录和MRI扫描期间。通过结合这两种方法，将获得有关神经过程的时间和与任务执行有关的特定脑区域的信息。此外，测量休息时的脑结构和脑活动（即，任务独立活动）将识别大脑中的解剖学差异和可能与不同语言体验相关的内在大脑连接的差异。将进行的一系列实验将进一步加深我们对语言经验因素的理解，这些因素对塑造大脑和行为至关重要，并开始解决有关这些变化机制的问题。 鉴于双语和多语现象的普遍存在，了解语言体验如何影响认知和大脑过程至关重要。从目前的研究，使用多方法的方法和综合实验范式的结果将产生的结果，使当前的知识的基本过程的语言经验相关的认知和大脑可塑性的影响作出重大贡献。拟议的研究将为未来的研究提供基础和框架，研究语言经验对早期大脑发育，语言和认知处理的影响，包括不同语言和不同人群。