REU: Genome Evolution in Gossypium (Cotton, Malvaceae)

进化过程中最重要的过程之一 开花植物的染色体加倍，或多倍体。 至少50%的植物和几乎所有的主要作物 世界上的植物都是从二倍体、野生 名的股票明细金额 了解多倍化过程如何运作 是穷人，因为是了解的后果， 染色体上基因的沿着和功能。 爱荷华州州立大学的乔纳森·温德尔博士正在检查 利用栽培棉花植物的多倍体问题， 它的野生亲戚作为一个模型系统。 利用现代分子 方法，将构建详细的遗传图谱， 多倍体和二倍体物种的染色体。 主 实验涉及分离几百个DNA片段， 限制性场地污染物和确定其相对 单个染色体上的位置。 然后，比较基因 物种之间的排列将揭示 特定的DNA片段改变了染色体上的位置， DNA的复制是否增加或减少 number. DNA中的这种变化被假设为 对生物体的形式和功能的调节作用。 博士 文德尔的研究将为从遗传学角度解释 植物物种之间的形态差异。

One of the most important processes in the evolution of flowering plants is doubling of the chromosomes, or polyploidy. At least 50% of all plants and nearly all of the major crop plants of the world are polyploid derivatives from diploid, wild stocks. Knowledge of how the process of polyploidization works is poor, as is understanding of the consequences with respect to the organization and function of genes along the chromosomes. Dr. Jonathan Wendel of Iowa State University is examining the problem of polyploidy using the cultivated cotton plant and its wild relatives as a model system. Using modern molecular methods, detailed genetic maps will be constructed of the chromosomes of both polyploid and diploid species. The primary experiments involve isolating several hundred pieces of DNA by restriction-site digests and ascertaining their relative locations on individual chromosomes. Then, comparisons of gene arrangements among species will reveal the extent to which particular pieces of DNA have changed position on chromosomes and whether the DNA has undergone increase or decrease in copy number. Such changes in DNA have been hypothesized to have regulatory effects on the form and function of the organism. Dr. Wendel's research will lay the basis for a genetic explanation of morphological differences among plant species.