Synoptic Studies of Convective Systems, Frontogenesis and Baroclinic Development

Sanders建议完成两个案例研究，其中有重要的天气特征，而这些特征在以前没有被深入分析过，第三个研究是评估和比较两个可操作的数值天气预报模型的预测技能。第三项研究涵盖的区域是北大西洋西部，关注的时期是1988- 1989年冬季，当时作为ERICA项目的一部分在海上部署了一个显著增强的观测系统。在桑德斯之前的开创性研究将注意力集中在他称之为“爆炸性海洋气旋形成”的天气现象之后，ERICA被安装。第一个研究的主题现象是一个有组织但孤立的雷暴系统，它产生了许多龙卷风和破坏性很大的冰雹，再次被一个增强的观测网络所捕获，这次是在1985年O-K PRESTORM野外项目期间部署的。第二项研究是一种倾斜的滚动环流形式，它经常作为锋面形成过程的一部分而发展。它与暴雨和少雨的交替线有关，与高空饱和和极度干燥空气的交替层有关。桑德斯几十年来一直是天气气象学的领导者。他在研究那些直接影响人类安全和财产的天气系统时，运用了大气科学前沿的方法和理论，创下了记录。

Sanders proposes to complete two case studys in which significant weather features are present which have not been intensively analyzed previously, and a third study in which the prediction skills of two operational Numerical Weather Prediction models are assessed and compared. The region covered in the third study is the western North Atlantic, and the period of concern is the winter of 1988-89, when a significantly enhanced observational system was deployed at sea as part of project ERICA. ERICA was mounted after Sanders' prior pioneering research focussed attention on the weather phenomenon he labelled "explosive marine cyclogenesis". The subject phenomenon of the first study is an organized but isolated thunderstorm system which produced many tornadoes and much damaging hail, again cap- tured in an ehanced observational network, this time deployed du- ring the 1985 O-K PRESTORM field project. That of the second study is a form of sloping roll circulation that often develops as part of the process of frontal formation. It is associated with alternating lines of heavy and little rain, and with alter- nating layers of saturated and extremely dry air aloft. Sanders has been a leader in synoptic meteorology for decades. He has established a record of using methods and theory in the forefront of atmospheric science in the study of those weather systems which directly affect human safety and property.