Planned Behavior, Environmental Values and Domestic Water Conservation. A Longitudinal Case Study of the California-Nevada Truckee River Watershed

这项研究使用邮寄调查的方法，调查了加利福尼亚州和内华达州的Truckee河流域对水资源保护的态度和行为。调查区域从加利福尼亚州的太浩湖盆地延伸到内华达州的法伦和金字塔湖，并包括快速增长的内华达州雷诺-斯帕克斯大都市地区。该项目将描述整个Truckee河流域的节水态度范围，以确定存在哪些自然(例如地理)和态度社区，并发现在水问题上建立共识的跨管辖区机会。它还将随着时间的推移观察节水态度和行为，以确定随着社区的发展和多样化，这些态度和行为可能会发生怎样的变化。就总体用途而言，该项目将以两种方式为现有的保护工作增加背景。首先，相对较少的节约研究应用于家庭用水保护(例如，与能源节约相反)。其次，以前研究水资源保护的工作是在政治边界(特别是城市)内进行的，而不是像分水岭这样对环境更有意义的边界。理解分水岭内的不同利益群体如何合作共享一个至关重要、高度可变且最终有限的资源，将提供宝贵的经验教训。旨在建立这种合作的政策努力将得到对整个分水岭节水方向范围的科学理解的帮助。此外，雷诺-斯帕克斯大都市区的快速增长和多样化不仅提供了一个绝佳的机会，不仅可以了解这种增长过程中的水资源保护动态，而且还可以考虑和建议旨在促进内华达州和其他地区水资源保护的信息战略和政策备选方案。

This study uses mail survey methods to examine attitudes and behaviors toward water conservation throughout the Truckee River Watershed in California and Nevada. The survey area extends from California's Lake Tahoe Basin to Fallon and Pyramid Lake in Nevada, and includes the rapidly growing metropolitan area of Reno-Sparks, Nevada. The project will describe the range of water conservation attitudes throughout the Truckee River Watershed to determine what natural (e.g., geographical) and attitudinal communities exist, and to discover cross-jurisdictional opportunities for consensus building on water issues. It will also observe water conservation attitudes and behaviors across time to determine how these might be shifting as communities grow and diversify. In terms of general usefulness, this project will add contextually to existing work on conservation in two ways. First, relatively little conservation research has been applied to home water conservation (as opposed to conservation of energy, for example). And second, previous work examining water conservation has been executed within political boundaries (especially cities), versus more environmentally meaningful boundaries such as watersheds. Understanding how the diverse set of interests within the watershed can cooperate to share a vital, highly variable, and ultimately limited resource will offer valuable lessons. Policy efforts aimed at building such cooperation will be aided by a scientific understanding of the range of orientations toward water conservation throughout the watershed. Further, the rapid growth and diversification of the Reno-Sparks metropolitan area presents an outstanding opportunity to not only understand the dynamics of water conservation during such growth but also to consider and recommend information strategies and policy alternatives designed to promote conservation, both in Nevada and elsewhere.