Incorporating Immigrants and Minorities into Late 19th Century Cities

约翰·洛根·布朗大学这是一项研究，研究19世纪末来自不同种族和民族背景的人是如何融入美国城市的。当时，黑人向北方城市的移民才刚刚开始，但来自欧洲的移民却如火如荼。该项目将调查这些群体在多大程度上被聚集在不同的社区或与其他背景的人生活在一起，比较不同城市的居住隔离水平，并询问人们自己的背景特征(如年龄和职业)如何影响他们所居住的社区类型。对于最大的25个城市，将使用新开发的邻里地图来分析这些地区的空间位置。大部分研究将集中在1880年，在这一年，美国人口普查中所有人的数据都可以在计算机文件中获得。从1870年到1880年，一个补充的男性样本将被跟踪，以提供对居住流动过程的洞察。这个项目将为21世纪初的移民和少数群体的研究提供一个新的历史参照点。随着其他社会科学家利用将为这项研究收集的计算机化地图文件和人口普查数据，它将产生额外的影响。此外，一个基于网络的地图绘制系统将使这些信息广泛提供给公众使用，并纳入学校课程。

John LoganBrown UniversityThis is a study of how people from different racial and ethnic backgrounds were integrated into American cities in the late 19th Century. This was a time when black migration to Northern cities was only beginning, but immigration from Europe was in full swing. The project will investigate the extent to which these groups were clustered into separate neighborhoods or living in areas with people of other backgrounds, compare levels of residential segregation across cities, and ask how people's own background characteristics (such as age and occupation) affected the type of neighborhood where they lived. For the largest 25 cities, newly developed neighborhood maps will be used to analyze the spatial location of these areas. Most of the research will focus on 1880, a year for which data for all persons tabulated in the U.S. Census are available in computer files. A supplementary sample of men will be tracked from 1870 to 1880 to provide insights into processes of residential mobility.This project will offer a new historical point of reference for studies of immigrant and minority groups at the beginning of the 21st century. It will have additional impact as other social scientists take advantage of the computerized map files and census data that will be assembled for this study. In addition, a web-based mapping system will make this information widely available for public use and inclusion in school curricula.