IPY: Long Term Human Ecodynamics in the Norse North Atlantic: cases of sustainability, survival, and collapse.

IPY：北欧北大西洋的长期人类生态动力学：可持续性、生存和崩溃的案例。当面对气候变化、文化接触以及人类对景观和资源的长期影响的意外结果时，为什么社会会成功或失败？北大西洋为这些基本问题的合作，跨学科研究提供了一些独特的案例研究。 就在1000多年前，维京时代的斯堪的纳维亚殖民浪潮带来了共同的文化，语言和一套经济战略从挪威到纽芬兰。到1800年，这些曾经统一的岛屿社区经历了完全不同的命运：格陵兰殖民地完全灭绝，冰岛人在严重侵蚀的景观中勉强生存，法罗群岛继续稳定和成功地持续了数千年的适应，显然很少有侵蚀或人口损失。这些对比鲜明的案例研究为一个国际跨学科项目提供了重点，该项目利用国际极地年倡议，将格陵兰、冰岛和法罗群岛的学者、学生和当地社区成员聚集在一起，共同努力：1）了解千年尺度上人类与环境相互作用的复杂动态，人类对岛屿植物群、动物群和土壤的影响，可持续和不可持续的资源使用、气候变化的影响、生计经济和交换经济之间的相互作用; 2）收集和分析直接可比的数据集（文物，动物考古学，考古植物学，地质考古学）从协调的区域规模的挖掘发生在所有三个岛屿作为一个国际和平年激增活动，共享设备，专家，3）让当地社区参与研究工作，并帮助他们建立岛屿间的联系，这将有助于他们自己的推广工作，4）让高中，本科和研究生层次的美国和国际学生参与实地考察和K-12课堂材料的开发。

IPY: Long Term Human Ecodynamics in the Norse North Atlantic: cases of sustainability, survival, and collapse.Why do societies succeed or fail when confronted with climate change, culture contact, and the unexpected outcomes of long term human impact upon landscape and resources? North Atlantic provides some unique case studies for the collaborative, cross-disciplinary study of these fundamental questions. Just over 1000 years ago, a wave of Viking-Age Scandinavian colonization brought a common culture, language, and set of economic strategies from Norway to Newfoundland. By 1800, these once uniform island communities had experienced radically different fates: the Greenland colony was totally extinct, Icelanders were barely surviving in a heavily eroded landscape, and the Faroese were continuing a stable and successfully sustainable thousand year long adaptation with apparently little erosion or population loss. These contrasting case studies provide the focus for an international, interdisciplinary project that makes use of the International Polar Year (IPY) initiative to bring together scholars, students, and local community members from Greenland, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands in a cooperative effort to; 1) Understand the complex dynamics of human-environment interaction on the millennial scale, human impact on island flora, fauna, and soils, sustainable and unsustainable resource use, the impacts of climate change, interactions between subsistence and exchange economies; 2) Collect and analyze directly comparable data sets (artifacts, zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, geoarchaeology) from coordinated regional-scale excavations taking place on all three islands as an IPY surge activity, sharing gear, specialists, and excavation staff for inter-comparability,3) Involve local communities in the research effort and aid them in making inter-island connections which will aid their own outreach efforts, 4) Engage US and international students at high school, undergraduate, and graduate level in fieldwork and in the development of K-12 classroom materials.