Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Noble-Metal Nanostructures and Applications

这个奖项，一个较早的更新，华盛顿大学的固态化学计划在材料研究部是发展的因素，控制金属纳米结构的合成的理解，使人们可以预见地准备他们与良好控制的形状，大小和组成，集成到各种技术。 这项工作的主要重点将是在纳米结构中的孪晶缺陷的产生和控制的机制研究，从而更深入地了解在其中可以制造一定形状的纳米结构的基本框架。 这是纳米科学和纳米技术中的一个重要领域，但也是一个具有挑战性的问题，因为材料的性质和功能（例如，光子学和催化）敏感地依赖于表面形态。目前的艺术状态更像艺术而不是科学。预计所提出的工作提供了一些基本的见解的机械控制，因此材料的设计和制备的理由。该项目涉及固体化学/物理、催化、光子学等多个学科，在医学、环境、能源等领域具有潜在的应用价值。 PI计划继续向科学界广泛传播他的研究结果。 该项目如果成功，预计将在传感，生物医学应用和催化等领域提供新的进展，这些领域将解决与国家安全，健康，环境和能源有关的问题。 此外，计划中的研究预计将通过这种多学科研究和培训加强研究生和本科生教育。

This award, a renewal of an earlier one, to Washington University by the Solid State Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research is to develop an understanding of factors governing the synthesis of metal nanostructures so that one may predictably prepare them with well-controlled shapes, sizes, and compositions for integration into various technologies. The main focus of this work will be on the mechanistic studies of the generation and control of the twin defects in the nanostructures and hence a deeper understanding of the fundamental framework within which nanostructures of a certain shape can be fabricated. This is an important area and yet challenging issue in nanoscience and nanotechnology in that the materials properties and functionalities (e.g., photonics and catalysis) are sensitively dependent upon the surface morphologies. The current state of the art is more like art than science. The proposed work is anticipated to offer some fundamental insights to the mechanistic control and hence a rationale for materials design and preparation. Such a fundamental understanding is highly relevant to design such nanoparticles for applications in sensing, electronics, catalysis and medicine.The project has links with many scientific disciplines that include solid state chemistry/physics, catalysis, and photonics, and has potential applications in medicine, environment, energy and other fields. The PI plans to continue to widely disseminate the results from his studies to the science community. This project, if successful, is expected to provide new advances in such areas as new class of nanomaterials for sensing, biomedical applications, and catalysis that will address issues related to national security, health, environment, and energy. In addition, the planned research is expected to enhance both graduate and undergraduate education through this multidisciplinary research and training.