Comparative Evolutionary Genomics of Cotton

PI：Jonathan F. Wendel（爱荷华州州立大学）CoPIs：阿达Leshem-Ackerman（爱荷华州州立大学），Alan R.作者声明：Andrew H. Paterson（格鲁吉亚大学），约书亚A.尤德尔（杨百翰大学）高级人员：巴里马勒和荣俊康（格鲁吉亚大学）和尼基哈尼根（杨百翰大学）现代基因组学方法与生物学其他领域的融合为深入了解植物形态的起源提供了巨大的希望。在这个项目中，将实施多方面的计划，以进一步了解复杂的遗传结构，表型的基础，并阐明参与发育，农艺和进化的变化过程。使用一个发达的模型系统，从棉花属（棉）和新的基因组资源，原始表皮种子毛转化为现代棉花品种的经济上重要的纤维所涉及的复杂性将被揭示。实验涉及四个相互关联的部分：（1）开发和表征永生渐渗系，以将复杂的形态减少到适合功能基因组分析的较小单元;（2）使用极大富集的EST资源开发新的基因表达谱分析平台;（3）使用渐渗系研究与纤维表型中天然发生的变异相关的遗传网络和基因表达中的扰动;（4）为理解选择对棉花遗传多样性的影响提供了基础。由于棉花是一种多倍体，这项研究将探索多倍体形成为表型进化创造独特机会的可能性。两个不同的多倍体物种驯化，从而使平行的潜在的遗传结构与驯化和形态进化的评价。除了解决基本的生物学问题外，该项目还将为棉花研究和改良提供物质资源和智力工具，包括：（1）一个新的公共微阵列平台和一个广泛丰富的、可在网上访问的棉花EST资源;（2）可公开获得的用于功能基因组和遗传分析的永生渐渗群体;（3）深入了解纤维发育和农艺改良中重要的基因和生物学过程;（4）为未来棉花多样性分析提供框架。 该项目产生的所有数据和种质将及时免费提供给社区。 数据将通过适当的渠道向公众提供（例如，GenBank和GEO），也可以通过我们的项目网站，棉花门户网站（http：gossypium.info）。 将在两个项目地点维持渐渗系，并通过项目和美国农业部国家棉花种质资源保藏中心（学院站，德克萨斯州）进行分发。 寡核苷酸微阵列将继续通过项目网站以成本回收的方式提供。 除了向本科生、研究生和研究生学者提供科学培训外，该项目还特别侧重于初中和高中的科学和技术教育工作者。通过该项目，将实施一项以调查为基础的实习方案，为中学教师提供在参与机构的不同实验室进行真正研究的机会。该计划将向全国教师开放。教师将接受教师，工作人员和硕士教师对与植物生物学和遗传学相关的概念基础的指导。此外，专业发展工作将扩大到包括K-4年级教师提供暑期讲习班。将开发网上教学单元，并与通用技术连接，使任课教师随时可以使用，并将开发情况公布在www.plantgdb.org上，并在国家教育会议上传播。将制定一个硕士教师实习计划，提供给那些有强烈兴趣与他们地区或地区的其他教师建立联系并向他们传授技术知识的人。

PI: Jonathan F. Wendel (Iowa State University)CoPIs: Adah Leshem-Ackerman (Iowa State University), Alan R. Gingle and Andrew H. Paterson (University of Georgia), Joshua A. Udall (Brigham Young University)Senior Personnel: Barry Marler and Junkang Rong (University of Georgia) and Nikki Hanegan (Brigham Young University)The convergence of modern genomic approaches with other areas of biology holds great promise for providing insight into the origins of plant form. In this project a multifaceted program will be implemented to further our understanding of the complex genetic architecture that underlies phenotypes, and to elucidate the processes involved in developmental, agronomic, and evolutionary change. Using a well-developed model system from the cotton genus (Gossypium) and new genomic resources, the complexities involved in transforming primitive epidermal seed hairs to the economically important fibers of modern cotton cultivars will be revealed. Experiments involves four interrelated components: (1) developing and characterizing immortal introgression lines to reduce complex morphology into smaller units amenable to functional genomic analyses; (2) developing a novel gene expression profiling platform using a vastly enriched EST resource; (3) studying perturbations in genetic networks and gene expression associated with naturally occurring variation in fiber phenotypes, using the introgression lines; and (4) providing a foundation for understanding the effects of selection on genetic diversity in cotton. Because cotton is a polyploid, the research will explore the possibility that polyploid formation created distinct opportunities for phenotypic evolution. Two different polyploid species were domesticated, thus enabling an evaluation of parallelisms in the underlying genetic architecture associated with domestication and morphological evolution. In addition to addressing fundamental biological questions, the project will generate physical resources and intellectual tools for cotton research and improvement, including: (1) a new public microarray platform and a vastly enriched, web-accessible EST resource for cotton; (2) publicly available immortal introgression populations for functional genomic and genetic analyses; (3) insight into the genes and biological processes important in fiber development and agronomic improvement; and (4) a framework for future diversity analyses in cotton. All data and germplasm resulting from this project will be made freely available to the community in a timely manner. Data will be made accessible to the public via appropriate channels (e.g., GenBank and GEO) and also through our project website, the Cotton Portal (http://gossypium.info). Introgression lines will be maintained at two project locations and distributed through the project and through the USDA National Collection of Gossypium Germplasm (College Station, TX). Oligo microarrays will continue to be available on a cost-recovery basis through the project website. In addition to providing scientific training to undergraduate and graduate students and post-graduate scholars, this project has a special focus on middle school and high school science and technology educators. Through this project an inquiry-based internship program will be implemented that provides the opportunity for secondary teachers to conduct bona fide research in different laboratories at the participating institutions. The program will be open to teachers nationwide. Teachers will receive instruction from faculty, staff and master teachers on the conceptual foundations associated with plant biology and genetics. Additionally, professional development efforts will be expanded to include K-4th grade teachers by offering summer workshops. Web-based instructional units will be developed and interfaced with commonly accessible technology to provide ready access to classroom teachers, with developments posted at www.plantgdb.org and disseminated at national education conferences. A master teacher internship program will be developed, available to those with a strong interest in networking with and transferring technological knowledge to other teachers in their regions or districts.