RAPID: Inexpensive, rapidly manufacturable respiratory monitor to provide safe emergency ventilation during the COVID-19 pandemic

该项目的目标是开发技术，在新冠肺炎等淹没医疗设施的大流行期间改善患者护理并提高患者安全。该项目将开发一种廉价、便携式、在线呼吸监测技术，在设施和临床医生捉襟见肘的情况下，能够安全有效地护理在危机期间需要通风的多名患者。该系统可以对任何使用呼吸机的患者提供远程警报和监控，从而节省进入新冠肺炎隔离室所需的临床时间和宝贵的个人防护装备，并显著提高使用紧急呼吸机时的安全性。该系统还将被设计为在快速变化的环境中提供决策支持，并可以收集重要数据以分析患者生理，从而改善护理。该系统还包括个性化治疗和监测的能力，以在一台呼吸机上为多名患者提供安全有效的通风。计划中的设计是该团队在呼吸机和呼吸监护仪设计方面长期经验的结果，并基于现有的医疗设备软件和经过验证的呼吸机技术。该系统被设计为使用新的算法和传感，同时在可能的情况下用现成的组件快速制造。其他可能由于大流行的破坏而无法获得的关键部件已经设计成可以基于现有的、经过验证的设计轻松地进行3D打印或注塑。该团队建议使用廉价的平板电脑作为用户界面，并使用基于物联网(IOT)的处理器板来构建智能传感器来监控和收集数据，并为过度工作的临床医生提供安全建议。将增加一个安全的、易于制造的改装气动呼气阀，由监测系统控制，来自呼吸道回路本身的压力，为共用呼吸机的患者提供个性化治疗。该项目提供监测和控制，以安全和有效地使用现有工具为患者进行呼吸机。除了流行用途外，该技术的下一代版本还可以在未来的隔离室中使用，也可以在国家和世界的资源有限的地区使用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The goal of this project is to develop technology that can improve patient care and increase patient safety during pandemics such as COVID-19 that flood medical facilities. This project will develop an inexpensive, portable, in-circuit respiratory monitoring technology that enables safe and effective care of multiple patients needing ventilation during a crisis when facilities and clinicians are stretched thin. The system can provide remote alarms and monitoring of any ventilated patient -- saving clinical time and precious personal protective equipment (PPE) required to enter a COVID-19 isolation room, as well as dramatically increasing safety when using emergency ventilators. The system will also be designed to provide decision support in a rapidly changing environment and can collect important data for analysis of patient physiology to also improve care. The system also includes the ability to individualize treatment and monitoring to provide safe and effective ventilation of multiple patients on a single ventilator.The planned design is the result of the team's long experience with ventilator and respiratory monitor design and is based on existing medical device software and proven ventilator technology. The system has been designed to use novel algorithms and sensing, while being rapidly manufactured with off-the-shelf components where possible. Other critical components that may be unavailable due to the crush of the pandemic have been designed to be easily 3D printed or injection molded, based on existing, proven designs. The team propose to build a monitoring and control device using an inexpensive tablet as the user interface and a smart sensor using Internet of Things (IOT)-based processor boards to monitor and collect data and provide safety advice to the over-worked clinicians. A safe, easily manufactured, modified pneumatic exhalation valve controlled by the monitoring system with pressure from the airway circuit itself will be added to individualize treatment for patients sharing a ventilator. This project provides the monitoring and control to safely and effectively use existing tools to ventilate patients. Beyond its pandemic uses, next generation versions of the technology can be used in isolation rooms of the future and also in resource-limited areas of the country and the world.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.