Biochemistry of the ocular irritation

虹膜穿刺或光凝后，眼睛出现刺激性反应，如瞳孔缩小，房水中蛋白质浓度增加。这些刺激性反应主要是由洋地黄素<E_2>和<F_2><alpha>。前房内注射前列腺素可模拟眼刺激反应。P物质和血管活性肠肽（VIP）在刺激后的房水中也有表达。前房注射SP可引起瞳孔缩小，但蛋白质浓度无明显增加。前房注射VIP可使白内障手术引起的刺激性反应增加，但不引起瞳孔缩小，提示刺激性反应主要由PG介导，部分由SP和VIP介导，吲哚美辛预处理可预防白内障手术引起的刺激性反应。

After the paracentesis or photocoagulation on the iris, the eye showed irritative responses such as miosis, increased protein concentration in aqueous humor. These irritative responses were mainly mediated by prostaglandins <E_2> and <F_2> <alpha> . Indomethacin prevented these phenomena.Intracameral injections of PGs mimiced the ocular irritative responses. Leukotriens might played a minor role in these processes.Substance P and Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were also detected in aqueous humor after the stimuli. Intracameral injection of SP caused strong miosis, but no increase in protein concentration. VIP injection into the anterior chamber increased protein concentration but caused no miosis.These facts suggested that the irritative responses might be mediated mainly by PGs and partly by SP and VIP.Indomethacin pretreatment prevented the irritative responses caused by cataract surgery in human eyes.