Study on Production of Useful Chemicals using Immobilized Plant Cells

本研究的目的是调查固定化技术的使用对利用植物细胞生产有用化学物质系统的影响。我们选择了用咖啡植物细胞生产咖啡因作为模型生产系统，其中产品很容易从植物细胞释放，以红花细胞生产维生素E为例，其产品不释放。我们的研究结果如下：1.利用咖啡植物细胞生产咖啡因(1)用聚氨酯泡沫塑料固定化咖啡植物细胞，氧转移对总咖啡因产量的影响。(2)提高咖啡因产量的介质和光照条件。(3)光照强度和咖啡因浓度对细胞生长和咖啡因产量的影响。(4)连续生产咖啡因超过50天及光照条件对…的影响这些发现清楚地表明，使用含有植物细胞的光生物反应器可以连续生产一些有用的化学物质。利用红花细胞生产维生素E(1)通过添加前体(植物酚)提高α-生育酚(维生素E)的产量及其最佳剂量。(2)固定化条件与细胞活性的关系。在较大的细胞聚集体被固定的情况下生产力的下降。通过固定化提高α-和γ-生育酚占总生育酚的比例。(3)在氮源限制、无MF培养、无生长激素和光照条件下提高α-生育酚的产量。这些影响被固定后减弱。(4)琼脂作为诱导物的作用。(5)植物细胞活性与pH、蔗糖浓度、电导率的关系。(6)通过Triton X-100和DMSO渗透的方法从植物细胞中释放产物的可能性。对植物细胞分化的调控和构建可释放产物的细胞的进一步研究是值得期待的。较少

The purpose of this study, is to investigate the effect of the use of immobilization techniques on the production system of useful chemicals using plant cells. We chose the caffeine production using coffee plant cells as a model production system in which the product is easily, released from plant cells, the production of vitamin E using safflower cells as a example of the system whose product is not released. Several findings resulting from our investigation were obtained as described below:1. Production of caffeine using coffee plant cells (1) The effect of oxygen transfer on the overall caffeine production rate using coffee plant cells immobilized by polyurethane foam. (2) The conditions of medium and light irradiation which increase the caffeine productivity. (3) The dependence of light-irradiation intensity and caffeine concentration on the cell growth and caffeine production. (4) The continuous production of caffeine over 50 days and the effect of light-irradiation conditions on … More the productivity.These findings make it clear that some useful chemicals would be produced continuously using a photo-bioreactor containing plant cells.2. Production of citamin E using safflower cells (1) The increase of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) productivity by the addition of a precursor(phytol) and its optimum dose. (2) The relation between conditions of immobilization and activity of the cells. The decrease of productivity in the case that the larger aggregates of the cells were immobilized. The increase of the ratio of alpha-and gamma-tocopherol to the total tocopherol by immobilization. (3) The enhanced production of alpha-tocopherol under the conditions of restriction of nitrogen source, Mf-deficient medium, growth hormone free and light irradiation. these effects were weakened by immobilization. (4) The role of agar as a elicitor substance. (5) The relation between activity of plant cells and pH, sucrose concentration, electroconductivity. (6) The probability of the product release from the plant cells by means of permeabilization with Triton X-100 and DMSO.Further investigations about regulation of differentiation of plant cells and construction of a product-releasable cell are expected. Less