THE INFLUENCE OF EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN MORAL THOUGHTS IN THE EARLY YEARS OF THE MEIJI ERA

1.资料收集(1)1995年主要收集了弗朗西斯·韦兰的著作及其著作《道德科学要素》（1835年第1版；Rev.Ed）的翻译。1865年)在明治时代早期完成。1995年主要收集其他作家翻译的道德教育教科书。因此，我们可以看到欧洲和美国的道德思想是如何影响日本的思维方式的。研究活动(1)主要考察Francis Wayland的著作《道德科学要素》（Elements of Moral Science， 1835年第1版；1865年修订）。结论是，本书应被视为最早的道德科学著作之一，试图在民主社会中建立道德体系。(2)最早认识到这项工作意义的是福泽谕吉。在明治时代早期，它被几位日本学者翻译成了日文。对1873年出版的KAMAHORA Noboru（**************）的翻译作品《心灵的镜子：儿童的道德教育》进行了比较研究，并就此做了报告。(5)福泽对《道德科学要素》中所表达的“个人自由”或“平等”等民主思想印象深刻，并在《教育的鼓励》一书中形成并表达了自己的思想。写了一篇关于福泽书中所表达的民主思想的文章。(1)《平等：福泽的梦与韦兰的梦（道德科学要素与“GAKUMONN NO SUSUME”的比较研究）发表于《人文评论》1994年第20期（东京工业大学人文系1995年3月主编）(2)。1995年1月21日，在东京新宿Joshi文化大学举行的日本比较文学协会东京分会月会上，以“韦兰的道德科学要素及其影响”为题作了演讲。

1.COLLECTING OF MATERIALS(1)In 1995 collected mainly the books by Francis wayland and translations of his work Elements of Moral Science(1st ed.1835 ; Rev.Ed.1865) done during the early years of the Meiji Era. And in 1995 collected mainly translations of school books for moral teachings by other writers.(2)As the result it has become possible to see how European and American moral thoughts influenced on Japanese way of thinking2.RESEARCH ACTIVITIES(1)Investigated mainly Francis Wayland's work Elements of Moral Science(1st ed.1835 ; Rev.ed.1865). The conclusion drawn is that the book should be regarded as one of the earliest work of moral science that attempted to work up a moral system in the democratic community.(2)It was FUKUZAWA Yukichi who first recogniszd the significance of this work. And it was translated into Japanese by several Japanese scholars during the early years of the Meiji Era.Compatative study was done on one of the translaitons, 'The Mirror of Heart and Mind : Moral Teachings for Children' by KAMAHORA Noboru(**************) published in 1873 and the report was made about it.(5)FUKUZAWA was deeply impressed by the democratic ideas such as 'personal liberty' or 'equality' expressed in Elements of Moral Science, and formed and expressed his own ideas in his book 'The Encouragement of Education' ("Gakumon no susume").Wrote an essay on the democratic ideas expressed in FUKUZAWA's book.3.PUBLICATION(1)The article titled 'EQUALITY : FUKUZAWA'S DREAM AND WAYLAND'S DREAM' (A Compararive Study of Elements of Moral Science and 'GAKUMONN NO SUSUME' is published in 'HUMANITIES REVIEW No.20 1994' (edited by the Department of Humanities, TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,March 1995)(2)made a speech on the topic 'Wayland's Elements of Moral Science and Its Influence' on January 21,1995, at the monthly meeting of Tokyo Chapter of Japan Comaparative Literature Association, held at Joshi Bunka University, Shinjuku, Tokyo.