Reconstruction and analysis of the historical development of lightweight steel and metal structures in the GDR using the model stock of the "Metalleichtbaukombinat Leipzig"

结构工程中的轻量化建筑符合当代对资源节约型设计的要求，已成为高度现代主义建筑业可持续管理的基石。建筑行业采用材料和轻量化建造原则的先驱，从20世纪上半叶起就与土木工程中的名人联系在一起，如弗里茨·莱昂哈特、康拉德·瓦赫斯曼或弗雷·奥托，在建筑技术史上被认为是研究得很好的。另一方面，人们对适销对路的轻金属结构的规划、实施和销售知之甚少。从20世纪60年代末起，民主德国和德意志联邦共和国在不同的条件下平行发展的独特的、未被探索的“Modelsammung Niesky”，由78个Metalleichtbaukombinat[原文]莱比锡[原文]展览模型(MLK，1969-1989)组成，是申请者两个方向的跨学科研究项目的来源：目的是利用占主导地位的MLK重建和分析民主德国的轻钢和金属结构，以便能够在近代工程和建筑史的坐标系中定位它。这就提出了关于设计学校的任务及其在技术和经济变化的边界条件下的发展，以及在东西方系统比较和市场化中对当代创新力和绩效的评估。这种方法的特殊之处在于，展览模型提供了档案资料来源，从建筑学派的决心意义上讲，它代表了“建筑设计语言”的直接媒介，突出了基本的独特特征，例如承重质量/承重行为或连接和材料的质量，以便能够生动地解决竞争力问题。这个视角是对规划文件和真实建筑的经典评价的补充，也是规划的。该项目的目的和跨学科的指导思想是探索媒介“模型”的意义，不仅对于工程学科，而且作为同样重要的历史来源和重要的沟通手段。为了对1969年至1989年的模型进行记录和分类，有必要评估相应的档案记录、与当代证人的面谈和材料调查，这为对今天建成和仍然屹立不倒的建筑物进行严格评估提供了基础。在随后从工业考古角度进行的分析中，将根据模型确定现有的MLK建筑，并从古迹保护的角度进行观察。

Lightweight construction in structural engineering meets the principles of contemporary requirements for resource-efficient design and has already established itself as a building block for sustainable management in the construction industry of the high modernism The pioneers of the adaptation of the construction principles of material and lightweight construction for the building industry are associated with great names in civil engineering from the first half of the 20th century, such as Fritz Leonhardt, Konrad Wachsmann or Frei Otto, and are regarded as well researched in the history of building technology.On the other hand, little is known about the planning, execution and sale of marketable lightweight metal structures, which were developed in parallel in the GDR and the Federal Republic of Germany under disparate conditions from the end of the 1960s onwards.The unique, unexplored "Modellsammlung Niesky", in the Kustodie of the TU Bergakademie Freiberg, consisting of 78 exhibition models of the Metalleichtbaukombinat [sic] Leipzig (MLK, 1969-1989) including accompanying documents, is the origin for an interdisciplinary research project of the applicants in two directions:The aim is to reconstruct and analyse the light steel and metal construction in the GDR using the dominant MLK in order to be able to locate it within the coordinate system of recent engineering and construction history. This raises questions about the assignment to design schools and their development with regard to the technically and economically changing boundary conditions, the evaluation of contemporary innovativeness and performance in the system comparison East-West and marketability. The special feature of this approach is that archive sources are available with the exhibition models, which represent a direct medium of the "construction design language" in the sense of a determination of a construction school, which highlights essential distinctive features, such as, for example, load-bearing quality/load-bearing behaviour or quality of the connections and materials, in order to be able to address competitiveness vividly. This perspective complements the classical evaluation of planning documents and real buildings, which is also planned.The aim and interdisciplinary guiding idea of the project is to explore the significance of the medium "model" not only for engineering disciplines, but also as an equally important historical source and significant means of communication. In order to record and classify the models from the years 1969 to 1989, it is necessary to evaluate corresponding archival records, interviews with contemporary witnesses and material investigations, which provide the basis for a critical assessment of buildings built and still standing today. In the subsequent analysis from an industrial archaeological perspective, existing MLK buildings will be identified on the basis of the models and viewed from the perspective of monument conservation.